Istrate Micescu

“ All political associations based upon or having religious beliefs are prohibited. No one may take or make an oath of allegiance except the persons prescribed by law, and upon the conditions and in the forms provided by law. Article 9 Rumanians who, without the previous authorization of the Government, enter the service of a foreign State, or join a foreign military unit, shall automatically lose their Rumanian citizenship. The acceptance of foreign protection, for any period and for any reason whatever, shall result automatically in loss of Rumanian citizenship. ”

“ Taxes may be levied only for the benefit of the State, the districts, the communes and public institutions which discharge governmental functions. Article 81 No monopoly may be created except by virtue of a law and then only for the benefit of the State, or the districts or communes. ”

“ Retired Ministers of Justice may not exercise the profession of barrister for one year from the date of retirement. Retired ministers may not become members of Boards of Directors of enterprises with which they concluded State contracts, until at least three years after their retirement. Article 71 Any party whose rights are injured by a decree or order made by a minister in violation of an express provision of the Constitution or of the laws in force, may prosecute his claim against the State for damages suffered in conformance with the common law. ”

“ No one may consider himself free of his civil or military, public or private obligations, by virtue of his religious or other convictions. Article 6 No distinction of class is recognized in the Rumanian State. Privileges in the assessment of taxes are prohibited. Decreases and increases in taxes must be general and prescribed by law. Article 7 No Rumanian may advocate, orally or in writing, any change in the form of government of the State, any division or distribution of the property of others, any exemption from taxes or class hatred. ”

“ The State guarantees the same liberty and protection to all cults provided the public order and the good morals and security of the State are not impaired. The Christian Orthodox and the Greek-Catholic Churches shall be the Rumanian Churches. Since the great majority of Rumanians are of the Christian Orthodox faith, the Orthodox Church shall be the dominating Church in Rumania; the Greek Catholic Church shall have priority over other cults. The Rumanian Orthodox Church is and shall remain independent of all foreign churches ”

“ Commissions and extraordinary tribunals may not be created under any name, for particular civil or penal cases, or for trying certain persons. The jury is abolished. Article 74 There shall be only one High Court of Cassotion for the entire State , Article 75 Only the High Court of Cassation, with all sections united, may judge the constitutionality of laws and declare void those which are contrary to the Constitution. A decision on the constitutionality of a law shall be limited to the facts of the case under consideration. ”

“ Appointed and elected senators shall hold office for nine years. The mandate of one-third of the elected senators shall be renewed every three years. Their terms shall begin on the date on which they take the oath, as provided in Article 48 of the present Constitution. Those who fall within the last third, that is, those whose names are not drawn by lot for renewal, shall retain their mandates until the expiration of the term of nine years. ”

“ The King has the power of initiating laws. Each of the two assemblies may propose upon its own initiative only laws of general interest to the State. Official interpretation of laws may be made only by the Legislature. No law or regulation of general or communal application shall be binding unless published in the manner set forth therein. Article 32 The executive power is entrusted to the King who shall exercise it through his Government in conformance with the Constitution. Article 33 The judiciary power is exercised through the judicial bodies. ”

“ No property shall be considered of public use unless it serves the purposes of national defense or is useful in connection with military, sanitary or cultural works, land, maritime or air communications or public parks or other public works provided for in existing laws ”

“ The Council of Ministers may decide to apply the death penalty in time of peace, for attempts against the Sovereign, members of the royal family, heads of foreign states and State dignitaries for reasons connected with the performance of the functions entrusted to them, and in cases of robbery, accompanied with murder, or political assassination. ”

“ Only a legal entity may sign a petition in a collective name. Article 26 Rumanian citizens have the right to associate, in accordance with the laws. The right of free association does not imply the right to create legal entities. The conditions under which legal personality is granted shall be established by law. Article 27 Only Rumanian citizens shall be eligible for public offices and civil and military rank. Foreign citizens may not hold such offices except as specifically provided by law. ”

“ Aliens within Rumania shall enjoy the protection granted by law to persons and property in general. Only Rumanians and naturalized Rumanians may acquire, under any title, or hold rural real property in Rumania. Aliens shall have only the right to the value of such real property. Article 28 Foreign decorations shall be worn by Rumanian only with the authorization of the King. ”

“ No one may be detained or arrested except by virtue of a court order setting forth the reasons, produced at the time of the arrest or at the latest, 24 hours after the arrest. In cases of obvious guilt or of necessity, detention or arrest may be effected immediately, and the court order shall be issued and presented within 24 hours in accordance with the preceding paragraph. ”

“ Article 54 Every decision shall be taken by a majority of votes, except in cases otherwise provided for in the Constitution. In the case of a tie, the proposal under consideration shall be rejected. The assemblies may hold session when more than one- half of the members are present. Article 55 Every member of an assembly has the right to address questions to the ministers which the latter are obliged to answer within the period prescribed by the regulations. ”

“ Article 8 Clergymen of all faiths are forbidden to use their spiritual authority for political propaganda purposes, whether inside the buildings intended for religious worship and for the fulfilling of the duties appertaining to their offices, or elsewhere. Political propaganda is not permitted in establishments dedicated to religion or in connection with religious demonstrations. ”

“ All matters relating to incapacities, temporary or permanent forfeitures, and incompatibilities shall be established by the electoral law. Section II. The Senate Article 63 The Senate shall be composed of senators appointed by the King, senators by right and senators elected by secret obligatory vote, by uninominal ballot, in the number and upon such conditions as are established by the electoral law. ”