Walter Charles Murray

“ Kant's thinking in each period centred around the teaching of a great man. During the first period, Kant, in the character of a disciple, followed Newton. Deeply impressed with the universality and the necessity of the principles of science, mathematical and physical, Kant found Hume's metaphysic insufficient to explain the possibility of a science of nature. ”

“ This essay is an attempt to "show the living and paramount ethical interest of freedom." The starting-point is the recognition of the "deep-seated" antithesis between the interests of the scientific or intellectual consciousness on the one hand, and the moral and religious convictions of mankind on the other. This antithesis gives rise to the problem of Freedom. The scientific interpretation of man makes him nothing more than a thing determined or necessitated by other things. ”

“ Then, the attempt by the Neo-Hegelian school to give a positive vindication of freedom is passed in review. The question of freedom is found to "resolve itself ultimately into two alternative views of the moral self, viz. the empirical and the transcendental." Criticism of the Hegelian and of the Evolutional accounts of the nature of the self shows that when man is "depersonalized either into God or Nature," necessity is the result. "The reality of freedom is bound up with the integrity of the moral personality." ”