Salii

Definition and stakes

Jessie Laidlay Weston,  From Ritual to Romance — Chapter VII (1921)

“ The Salii formed a college of priests, twelve in number, dedicated to the service of Mars, who, it is important to remember, was originally a god of growth and vegetation, a Spring Deity, who bestowed his name on the vernal month of March; only by degrees did the activities of the god become specially connected with the domain of War. [18]
There seem to have been two groups of Salii, one having their college on the Palatine, the other on the Quirinal; the first were the more important. The Quirinal group shared in the celebrations of the latter part of the month only.
”
Source: Wikisource

W. Warde Fowler,  The Religious Experience of the Roman People

“ Marindin's article "Salii," Dict. of Antiqq., is very useful and sensible. There is little doubt that the dress and armour of the Salii represented that of the primitive Latin warrior, calculated to frighten away evil spirits as well as enemies, and that their dances in procession had some object of this kind. It is noticeable that there were two gilds or collegia of them belonging to the Palatine and Quirinal cities respectively; and they are also found at Tibur, Alba, Lanuvium, and other Latin cities.
192 Or 15th (Ides) , according to the conjecture of Wissowa; see R.F. p. 44 and R.K. p.
”
Source: Gutenberg

Charles K. Dillaway,  Roman Antiquities, and Ancient Mythology

“ The salii, priests of Mars, so called, because on solemn occasions they used to go through the city dancing, [37] dressed in an embroidered tunic, bound with a brazen belt, and a toga pretexta or trabea; having on their head a cap rising to a considerable height in the form of a cone, with a sword by their side, in their right hand a spear or rod, and in their left, one of the ancilia or shields of Mars.—The most solemn procession of the salii was on the first of March, in commemoration of the time when the sacred shield was believed to have fallen from heaven in the reign of Numa. ”
Source: Gutenberg

Get perspective with Kwize: daily news enlightened by great literature