“ No work can rank as a true history unless it illustrates general principles; unless it makes clear why in the past one course of action has led to success and another to failure-—unless, in a word, while adorning its tale it points a lesson that can be applied to the present.
For history must convey the sense not only of succession but of evolution, and every part of the narrative must flow necessarily from what has already been related, and itself lead inevitably to what follows.
In what degree, then, is Lee's book a true history of American journalism? ”

“ There isn’t a duty on a newspaper that a woman cannot perform. Not every woman has the makings of a managing editor, or even of a reporter. Neither has every man; but woman is more adaptable than man; she can do more things. I know of women who have covered big political stories, big murder trials and kindred stuff, and they put it over the men on the same assignment from other papers, while the man who dares write of fashions, better babies and conservation salad does not exist. ”

“ This might or might not be true, but we are firmly convinced that no editor would let any item be published that would be detrimental to any bank.
When a crisis is at hand the banker rushes to the newspaper office and grabs the powers that be and cautious in whispers to be careful what is published. No opportunity is given to deny rumors and aid the institution. Strangers, men of prominence and those seeking investment daily call at the banks, yet most bankers pass up this as a matter of course and do not even tell the reporters. ”

“ Top heads are essential and long stories have their place, but the small item is the backbone of the newspaper structure and the reporter who discounts the value of the short, personal story as he grows mature in the business of finding and selling news, discounts his own value just that much.
Big stories will write themselves, if they are in the hands of a reporter of comprehensive vision and reasonable experience. They are the delight of the make-up editor and the inspiration of the local editor. ”

“ Meek, tired ‘sailorettes’ bow to the command ‘work ten hours a day’ and, ‘work Sunday——all day.’ Sometimes these little ‘sailorettes’ pounding a typewriter all day, wonder dumbly why civil service girls doing the same or lighter work, receive higher base pay than they, and why these girls also receive compensation for overtime and Sunday work, but they cheer the flag at every picture show and cry ‘My Country, ’Tis of Thee.’ Our country has to save its Liberty bonds some way, and let ours be the silent and forgotten glory. ”

“ If you were sufficiently interested in the Pacific treaty to follow the news, you must have learned yesterday that the Senate is already in a bitter partisan fight—the same kind of partisan fight that prevented our entrance into the League of Nations. It is so bitter that some party leaders appear to be oblivious to the needs of the world. ”

“ In the death of Jabez Nelson, Associated Press Correspondent at Seattle, northwest journalism loses a writer who was in many ways an example of the best principles and ideals in his profession. Mr Nelson never married; he poured into his newspaper work the devotion and enthusiasm and the finer sentiments many men reserve for their home life. He loved his profession.
Rarely shall we meet again a man who can feel so strongly, yet at the same time see so clearly and speak so dispassionately. ”

“ Splendid, up-standing, college-bred women have seen themselves refused, while a mere chit of a boy just out of high school, wearing loud ties and smoking cigarettes, and otherwise announcing that he is a man, is given a position, the only possible excuse being that he wore trousers. But, for the last six months, the newspaper woman has come into her own as never before, and the future holds even greater opportunities. The war is getting news paper men in greater numbers than in many of the professions, because it includes so many young men. ”

“ How can a newspaper develop if it confines itself to its own narrow quarters in order not to offend its home advertisers? If a newspaper would be a real force in its community it must be prosperous and in order to be prosperous it should enjoy the same right and privilege enjoyed by any other business enterprise. ”

“ My work from the start was covering the beat of an experienced newspaper man, and has given me almost every variety of work, from a gun fight to a wedding. I attribute what success I have attained as a newspaper woman to that fact and to my service under a proficient editor. A day is never ended that I do not think over the happenings that have taken place on my news route with a feeling that I have learned many things both of human nature and of a general business value. ”

“ The Register has no desire to be a propagandist. It has no axes to grind; its sole desire is to relate the news in such a way that the reader may get at the facts. It believes that the people buy a newspaper in order to find out what is going on, and not in order to have their opinions influenced. When you read a news story in the Register you may be sure that an honest effort has been made to give you the facts as they occurred. Do not get the idea that the Register has no opinions of its own. ”

“ We try to publish the Herald according to the best principles we know, according to the American principle of free, unhampered expression of opinion, and unbiased fair treatment of news. In a business way we try to operate on a basis of merit and service. We hope you think more of us than if we were made up of jelly fish stuff and printed the Herald in invisible ink on transparent paper. ”

“ Many of you have as much money invested as the merchant next door, but for some reason he rides and you walk. He waits on a few customers a day and reaps enough profit to give him ease of body and peace of soul, while we toil early and late on work that brings us meagre returns in comparison. The time has come when this thing must be adjusted. A publisher must have more money to meet not only the demands of the "Forty Thieves" but also give him a chance to get a little enjoyment out of life.
As business men we are up against it to organize or be the constant prey of many contending forces. ”

“ Apart from the building of character, the best thing that you get from this university is the training to read and to think for yourself. Apply your faculties to doing your full share toward solving the vast complex new problems that have been set before us. Never since the dawn of civilization has there been so great need for men and women who are imbued with ideals and have the power to think. ”

“ Since more or less biased newspaper opinion on purely political matters is almost inescapable, must you look elsewhere for a basis for your own opinions? I think not. We of America have now a group of a relatively new kind of opinion-makers. They are the star reporters whom the World War developed, or rather who found in the political side of the war and of peace negotiations, the opportunity to show their superior talent. ”

“ The best of all possible reasons for opposing special and unbearable exactions on the press is the desire of such men to cripple and stifle it. When the freedom of the press to discuss public affairs and to criticise the public acts of public men is attacked, all publishers of every class, whether they issue great metropolitan dailies or small village weeklies, have a common duty to rise up in defense. ”

“ Thrift, moreover, is a good gospel.
The thrift campaign is to be largely a campaign of education, even though the implied objective of the propaganda is money (of which Oregon's apportionment 1s $17,244,780,) for war purposes.
The real objective is a broader, deeper one, the interest returns upon which cannot be computed. It is the development of the idea of the virtue of thrift, until thrift shall have become a national characteristic, not only for the duration of the war but for all time. The potential results of systematic saving as a national endeavor, are immeasurable. ”

“ At county or state fairs, live stock shows, grange sessions, the energetic publisher meets the farmer, just as the newspaper man meets the merchant on the street or in his store; talks with him, as the managing editor of a city daily greets the banker or the politician.
Farm paper editors have an added means of making friends and widening their acquaintance by correspondence. They know as many farmers by their handwriting as they do by sight. The mail of the average editor who conducts a farm publication is heavy. ”

“ There is no real party organization in the state of Oregon. There is political organization, but it is of the personal character. It is the arch enemy of party spirit and party loyalty because it is intensely selfish and knows no law but the law of self-interest.
The party newspaper as it was known a decade ago is therefore out of step with the march of events in this particular section of the west. Like the Red Man, the old time editor is being driven out of his old haunts and his place is being filled by the younger, but not necessarily more able man. ”

“ Every newspaper man says that he leads a dog’s life yet every news paper man that sells out with a firm determination to live some other kind of a life nearly always sooner or later comes barking happily back to his newspaper kennel. Speak with an average bunch of men at this gathering and they will tell you that the business is “all right, but it doesn't pay anything,” yet not one of them could make as much money as he is making with twice the effort in any other profession and not all of them are putting any life into their editorial pages either. ”

“ Every person or publication, by accepting membership in this Association, subscribes to the following principles of journalistic ethics:
I believe in clean journalism. I will put nothing into print as a writer or editor that I would not say as a gentleman. I will publish nothing anonymously to which I would be ashamed to sign my name. Realizing that journalism is powerful, I will devote extreme care to my writing and editing. ”

“ None of them can get along without the other, tho the business office always imagines that it barters and bargains and slaves and rushes advertising for the sole purpose of paying off a lot of loafers in the writing staff. The writing staff in its turn always knows that it is not appreciated and that it could make more money doing something else but it never does. The business manager has to be an unimaginative, stolid individual, but all good writers so far as I know are tempermental, flighty and erratic as a musician but not so tight. ”

“ To sum up, the small country weekly is a human document, replete with human interests, the record of the throbs and pulsations of human hearts. It affords an unrivalled opportunity to study human nature at close range, and for the furtherance of human welfare by the promotion of concord and good-will, and the advocacy of clean human living. I have not regretted my choice, for I find it has much in common with my former profession. ”

“ I don’t care how big a man is nor how obscure he is, if you will dig deep enough, you will find a rich ledge of human interest. I have interviewed President Wilson, Thomas A. Edison, Sir Douglas Haig, Tom Lawson, and other men of this type and the stories I have got from them are interesting sidelights on their character and achievements, more or less off the beaten path of news-gathering. ”

“ On the heels of the elimination of fake advertising from the newspapers of Oregon comes the movement toward guaranteed or certified circulation. It is not only a reform compatible with the new constructive journalism, but it is a business proposition which means money in the pockets of farseeing newspaper men. The newspaper with the guaranteed circulation justified in “talking it up” to local advertisers and finds it unnecessary to talk it up to the big foreign advertising concerns. ”

“ You men are the motive power of this great modern, educational, community building machine—the newspaper. You are producing the most extraordinary service to your communities and to the nation as a whole. ”

“ Unfortunately, too few of our citizenship understand what the newspaper gives to the community without charge. No other business gives as much. Californians Inc. not only has received free and unstintedly the space of San Francisco newspapers and California newspapers as a whole, but they have even contributed in cash to our advertising program. In other words, not only have they made the public mind of San Francisco and California, but they have energized that opinion into one of the most remarkable examples of community enterprise and team work in the history of the country. ”

“ The mere mention of "ethics" in the newspaper game would cause a gust of merriment in metropolitan newspaper circles, but with the country press it is vastly different for each one of us possesses that silent, indefinable force that makes us and our business precisely what what the public measures us to be. For those whose thoughts, aspirations and achievements are identical a local organization would be most beneficial.
The newspaper man is both a manufacturer and a merchant in that he really creates and must sell his own products. ”

“ But this lack does not imply that the profitable newspaper is not in sympathy with the needs and the hopes and the aspirations of the plain people. Salaried editors-in chief are as honest and conscientious and as well informed as the great editors of the past generation, but they have not the old autocratic power. If in espousing a cause which would inflict deep injury to the business of the paper, they would be checked, and even where the editor-in chief is also the owner, he would be an extraordinary man if he wrecked his property for an ideal. ”

“ MANY years ago ideas entered the minds of men, and they communicated the ideas by words and signs to their fellow men. Thousands of years later letters were invented, and men who had new ideas of their relations with one another recorded them on papyrus and thin, bleached leather. These writings were passed around among men who were able to think. Then, after many centuries, a man—for whom God be praised—invented movable type, and some skilled mechanic conceived and built the printing press. ”

“ Any man who has spent 37 years of his life in the publishing and promotional end of the newspaper business, who has allied himself with the big issues and undertakings ii the field of modern journalism, and who has studied with extreme care during the past six years the newspaper practices and advertising conditions as they actually exist in all the important cities in the United States, is very well qualified to speak and write on the subject of the building of a newspaper.
Jason Rogers, publisher, business man, student, journalist, and editor of the New York Globe, is such a man. ”

“ Where some newspapermen appear to be at fault is in their attitude toward their subscribers. The fact that the publisher has superior knowledge of the technique of newspaper-making to that of the general body of his subscribers is not to be taken to mean that therefore he has exclusive knowledge of just what matter they ought to have fed to them day after day and week after week. Occasional rebellions against press leader ship in matters of public interest are due, it would seem, to the adoption of the so-called Vanderbilt theory of the right of the public. ”

“ Every newspaperman is a combination of three factors—educational background, technical training or experience, and general attitude toward men and things. The well-rounded journalist has a generous allotment of the first two and a lively interest in all that concerns the welfare of the community, large or small, to which his efforts are directed. It would be too much to hope that every person entering the profession of journalism would meet au acid test in each of these three departments, but such is required if permanent success and actual leadership are to be his. ”

“ The old book, thick and squat in its blue covers, is still to be found in many newspaper offices in Oregon, although libraries are already classifying it as rare. Hudson's work is a great mine of information, not unmixed with misinformation, about the beginnings of the Press in this country, and has served for a generation and a half as the ultimate source from which most newspapermen have drawn such facts and traditions as they have known of the antecedents of their profession. ”