“ Thus enjoying himself, he may forget the "ills of life" fully as much as if he were ever so drunk, with the great advantage of having saved his money for more useful purposes—he is a happy man, and he beeomes a souree of happiness to all around him. ”

“ In our own country, no classes of the community are more respectable, independent, and intelligent, than the yeomen of England and the peasantry of Scotland. As they promote the fixed wealth, so they constitute a considerable portion of the aggregate wisdom, virtue, and valour of the nation." Farming, the primitive natural business of man, is probably the most healthful, both for body and mind. ”

“ The progress of men who live by their daily industry, through this world, may be likened to the march of an army through an enemy's country. He who, from fatigue, from disease, from inebriety, from severe wounds, or whatever cause, falls out of the line of march, and lays him down by the way side, is sure, as a matter of eourse, to be destroyed by the peasantry ”

“ Of all the common arts, it contributes most obviously and powerfully to individual and social support and happiness—to it all the arts refer, and from it they derive the materials of their operations. The labours of the field are calculated to breed a hardy, strong, temperate, and industrious class of men. ”

“ Without thinking that the heathen legends were altogether allegorical, we may suppose that the poets did not without meaning, assign the culture of the earth as the appropriate employment of mankind during the golden age, the reign of peace, innocence, and happiness. ”

“ The story about the old cunning Patriareh, Jacob, with his peeled hazle-rods and his ring-straked, speckled and spotted cattle, that we used to read, and wonder at, is now thrown into the shade, modern cattle-rearers can change not only the colour of animals, but likewise their shape, and almost their very nature. ”

“ He subdues to his use all the treasures of the earth by his labour and his skill; and he carries his industry forward to its utmost limits, by the eonsideration that he has active duties to perform. The idleness of the poor Indian keeps him, where he has been for ages, little elevated above his inferior animal;—the industry of the European, under his eolder skies, and with a less fertile soil, has surrounded him with all the blessings of society—its comforts, its affeetions, its virtues, and its intelleetual riehes. ”

“ In the new continent eivilization first eommeneed on the mountains, in a soil of inferior quality. Neeessity awakens industry, and industry calls forth the intelleetual powers of man. When these are developed, he does not sit in a cabin, gathering the fruits of his little patch of bananas, asking no greater luxuries, and proposing no higher ends of life than to eat and to sleep. ”

“ I answer, it is happly produced by skill and industry. I do not say that man can create, but he has the power to alter, modify, scparate, and combine, every tangible substancc in nature, into whatever shape or purposc he pleases. See, for instance, into how many useful and pleasant sorts of food the milk of the cow can be converted. "All are aware that vegetables taken from their birthplace, and cultivated in gardens, undergo changes which render them no longer recognisable as the same plants. ”

“ The rapidity with which the manufacture of Dunlop cheese was introduced into the northern district of this shire is a striking instance of the readiness with which farmers are always disposed to follow the example of one of their own rank. ”

“ Give a man this taste, and the means of gratifying it, and you ean hardly fail of making a happy man, unless, indeed, you put into his hands a most perverse selection of books. You place him in contact with the best society in every period of history—with the wisest, the wittiest—with the tenderest, the bravest, and the purest eharaeters that have adorned humanity. ”

“ All things in the world are originally the produce of the ground; what we call commodities is nothing but land severed from the soil. Man deals in nothing but earth. The merchants are the factors of the world, to exchange one part of the earth for another. ”

“ If I were to pray for a taste whieh should abide by me under every variety of cireunstanees, and be a souree of happiness to me through life, and a shicld against its ills, however things might go amiss, and the world frown upon me, it would be a taste for reading. ”

“ It enables us, from the wool of the sheep, the hair of the goat, and the labours of the silk-worm, to weave our clothcs to keep us warm, to make us fine and gay. It helpeth us, from the bowels of the earth, to fetch divers tools and utensils. ”

“ Our fathers, sensible that the elimate and soil were better adapted for pasturage than cropping, turned their attention to this species of farming. They improved their breed of cattle, enclosed their lands, and appropriated a third or a fourth part thereof to tillage—using every means in their power to augment the value of their stock and annual produee by raising natural and artifieial grasses, of greatest bulk and bcst quality. ”

“ It seems to be the duty of men of letters, as friends of humanity, to endeavour in the destribution of renown, to eall from obseurity, those persons, however humble their stations may have been, who have sueeesfully laboured in promoting the substantial prosperity of their country. Among the number, none is more deserving of this service than Barbara Gilmour, whose good sense and industry first produced in Ayrshire what is now eelebrated through all Seotland by the name of Dunlop Cheese. ”

“ Industry collected mankind into cities, and disposed them into orderly societies, and divised wholesome laws, under shelter of which we enjoy safcty and peace, wealth and plenty, mutual protection, sweet conversation, and profitable commerce. Industry, by meditation, did invent all those sciences, whereby our minds are enlarged, enriched, and enobled, our manncrs are refined, our curiosity is satisfied, our life is benefited. ”

“ Sueh a man gains the affeetion and gratitude of soeiety. Pleasant to him is the retrospeet of his past, the enjoyment of his present, and the prospect of his future existence.
In eonclusion, I would advise you to be as industrious in the acquirement of useful knowledge as in the aquisition of money or other kinds of wealth. Above all, study to aequire a taste for reading. Of all the amusements whieh can possibly be imagined for a hard-working man, after his daily toil, or in its intervals, there is nothing like reading an entertaining book. ”

“ When an equal, depending like themselves, for subsistance in industry, prospers by means of a new project or successful plan of management, the whole neighbourhood cagerly imitates the example set before them, and the change becomes universal, while on the contrary, if the improvement is attempted to be introduced by some rich proprietor, from motives of caprice, as thcy suppose, and with means which they cannot so wcll command, it always makes its way slowly, and with difficulty. ”

“ Mankind suffered severely from their absurd admiration of successful ambition, and the applause whieh they bestow on it, tempting thereby restless individuals, in every age, to lay schemes for our destruetion, and to glory in the extent of the mischief which they produce. ”

“ It is in the exereise of this transeendant faeulty of the human mind that we see the benefieenee of the Creator in providing unseen means of subsistance; and it is in this that we find the cheering hope that at no period, however distant, even when the whole earth shall have been covered with inhabitants, shall mankind languish for lack of food. As they increase in number, so will they go on perfecting their contrivances; every succeeding generation may labour under some new difficulty, but so will it be endowed with the faculty of releasing itself from it. ”

“ It places us, as it were in daily contact with the Deity, by our unceasing experience of his superintending love, and goodness, connects earth with heaven, and brings religion home to our business and bosoms. ”

“ Our domestic fowls and pigeons are unlike any wild birds. Our domestic hens, ducks, and geese, have lost the faculty of raising themselves into the higher regions of the air, and crossing extensive countries in their flight, like the wild ducks and geese from which they wore originally dcrived. The numerous races of dogs which we have produced by domesticity are no where to be found in a wild state. ”

“ And we regret to observe that one of the principal hinderances of soeial improvement, is, that in eonsequenee of a false taste, mankind have bestowed more attention and applause upon great talents or ingenuity, when exerted in the arts of destruction, than when employed in devising the means of giving plenty and felicity to nations. ”

“ Industry reared these commodious houses, it laid those convenient roads, and bridges, it plantcd those fine gardens with various flowers and fruit, it clothed those pleasant fields with corn and grass ”

“ Whatever individuals may profess, it is by neeessity that the mass of mankind are eompelled to toil for their subsistanee—this fecling predominates through all the ramifieations of eivilised soeiety. In proportion as the neeessitics of men push them on to seek new means of subsistanee, so do these new means open upon their view. On casting a retrospeetive glanee upon those steps whieh soeiety has traeed from its infaney to manhood—from a state of barbarick rudness to a condition of luxury and splendour—we invariably find that all improvements have originated in the wants of the people ”

“ Even our cultivated wheat is a vegetable brought by man into the state in which we now sce it, for in no eountry does a similar plant grow wild, unless where it has escaped from cultivated ficlds. Where do we find in nature our eabbages, lettuees, and other culinary vcgetables, in the same state in which they appear in our gardens? ”

“ In nature we seek in vain for mastiffs, harriers, spaniels, greyhounds, and other races, bctween which the differenees are sometimes so great, that they would bc readily admitted as specific between wild animals, yet all these have sprung originally from a single race at first approaching very near to a wolf." Our almost countless breeds of sheep, swine, &c. are also produced by the agency of man. ”

“ Others lose their thorns or asperities. Others, again, from the ligneous state which their stem possessed in hot elimates, where they were indigenous, pass to the herbaceous, and, among them, some which were perennials become mere annuals. ”