“ From the foregoing, it will be seen that the terms “Osage City” and “Burlingame,” when strictly applied, are proposed for one and the same set of rocks, namely, those above the Osage-Topeka coal, while the shales below the coal and above the Hartford limestone are not designated at all. ”

“ This limestone is buff brown in color, varying from seven to ten feet in thickness, composed principally of two layers of massive stone, the upper of which is composed largely of the large variety of Fusulina secalica. In the Kansas river region it always forms high escarpments with rocky edges. It is not rich in any fossils except the Fusulinas. ”

“ Burlingame Shales. Olive shales, generally very argillaceous, though arenaceous in streaks, and in places even contain sandstone. These shales are 120 feet or more in thickness, and for the most part are not fossiliferous, though in places fossils are very abundant. In the upper part is the Dover-Silver Lake coal, and above it usually a layer of impure limestone. ”

“ This consists of two thin layers of limestone separated by two to ten feet of shales. The lower of these is a hard, blue limestone from twenty inches to two feet in thickness, quite fossiliferous in places, and sometimes quite full of crinoid stems and of fish teeth. The upper layer is usually coarser and more shaly. The clay between them is often very fossiliferous.
From Doctor Adams’s notes, published by Professor Haworth, [8] it will be seen that the Howard limestone is the same as the 172rock over the Osage coal, and that his Severy shale is the same as the Osage City shales. ”

“ Under the title, “Stratigraphy 169of the Kansas Coal Measures,” [5] Haworth describes them as follows: “Above them (Topeka limestones) lies another shale bed fifty feet thick, at the top of which lies the Topeka coal, a seam about eleven inches thick, which has been mined in different places. The coal is immediately overlaid by two thin limestone beds, separated by less than three feet of shales. Above the limestone is the Osage City shale, more than 100 feet thick, at the top of which is the Osage coal, averaging eighteen or twenty inches thick.... ”

“ Base of the Wabaunsee formation. For the present it seems best to group several strata in this formation. [9] They cannot well be mapped on the scale of the U. S. folios, and they are also intimately connected faunally, and usually all assist in producing a high escarpment with the upper part retreating. The rocks aggregate about seventy feet in thickness. The following section will serve to give an idea of these rocks:
Most all of the fossils listed below are from layers e, f, and g, by far the greater part ranging through all three. ”

“ It has fenestrules arranged in two intersecting series when viewed on the reverse side, and the branches are not striated. The fenestrules appear nearly square on account of their arrangement, but in reality they are subcircular. On the obverse side the nodes are very prominent and some of them appear to possess acanthopores. ”

“ These lists are, of course, incomplete for the horizons in toto, but it is hoped that they do give the characteristic fossils of the rocks of the Kansas river section in sufficient fulness to warrant some deductions of value. The fauna of the Lower Coal Measures still remains to be completed.
20. Kanwaka Shales (Adams MSS., by permission U. S. Geological Survey) . Bennett’s description: [3] “Above the last (Oread) limestone lies a heavy shale deposit, at least ninety-seven feet thick at Lecompton. ”

“ It is a gray limestone six or eight feet in thickness, in two layers, separated by a layer of shale. It weathers very rough, from which fact Swallow called it the “dry bone” limestone.
18140. Eskridge Shales. Prosser, MSS. About thirty feet of shales between the above and the base of the Cottonwood limestone.
41. Cottonwood Limestone. Six feet of light buff-gray limestone, in two layers, the upper usually somewhat cherty, and filled with a small form of Fusulina secalica (Say) . An excellent dimension stone, of wide distribution. Fossils rare. ”