The concept of "Elma" emerges as a recurring literary figure, often embodying themes of identity, social expectation, and inner conflict. Authors such as Mrs. George de Horne Vaizey and Grant Allen portray Elma as a character wrestling with societal pressures, from the anguish of self-awareness in Flaming June to the strain between personal longing and familial obligation in What's Bred in the Bone.
L. T. Meade and The Story Book Girls further examine her drive and the intricacies of her relationships, shedding light on her ethical dilemmas and ambitions. These diverse portrayals collectively position Elma as a symbol of the tension between personal autonomy and the limitations imposed by her social environment.