Various, Notes and Queries, Number 50, October 12…
“ ANOTHER FOREIGN BOOKSELLER. CROZIER AND PASTORAL STAFF. (Vol. ii., p. 248.) A correspondent inquires what was the difference between a crozier and a pastoral staff. The crozier (Crocia, Mediæval Latin) , Fr. Crosse, Ital. Rocco Pastorale, German. Bischofstab, is the ornamental staff used by archbishops and legates, and derives its name from the cross which surmounts it. A crozier behind a pall is borne on the primatial arms of Canterbury. The use of the crozier can only be traced back to the 12th century. ”
