Eider

Definition and stakes

A. E. Nordenskiöld,  The Voyage of the Vega round Asia and Europe…

“ On Novaya Zemlya, too, the eider is common. It breeds, for instance, in not inconsiderable numbers on the high islands in Karmakul Bay. The eider's flesh has, it is true, but a slight flavour of train oil, but it is coarse and far inferior to that of Brünnich's guillemot. In particular, the flesh of the female while hatching is almost uneatable.
The king-duck occurs more sparingly than the common eider. On Spitzbergen it is called the "Greenland eider," on Greenland the "Spitzbergen eider," which appears to indicate that in neither place is it quite at home.
”
Source: Gutenberg

Friedrich Kluge,  An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language (1891)

“ Eider, Eidergans, feminine, ‘eider-duck,’ simply Modern High German from Low German eider; the latter, like English eider, eider-duck, is from Icelandic œ̂þr (genitive œ̂þar) , œþekolla, ‘eider-duck’ (Modern Icelandic œ is pronounced like ei) . Eider-down was brought by the Hanse traders from Iceland to England and Germany, and from the latter imported into Sweden (Swedish ejder, ejderdun) . ”
Source: Wikisource

Pliny Miles,  Norðurfari; or, Rambles in Iceland

“ The eider down has long been one of the most important of the products of Iceland, and until lately has usually sold at several dollars a pound. The kings and princes of the north of Europe do not sleep on the down of the cygnets of the Ganges, but on and under the down of the eider duck. The increased products, the varied manufactures, and the widely extended commerce of the world, have brought into use other materials more conducive to comfort and health than the eider down ”
Source: Gutenberg

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