“ Trade unions must be governed by the principles of democratic organisation and management, to be based on the periodic election of their governing bodies by secret ballot, without the need for any authorisation or homologation, and to be founded on active worker participation in every aspect of trade union activity. Trade unions shall be independent of employers, the state, religious beliefs, and parties and other political associations, and the law must lay down the guarantees that are appropriate to that independence, which is fundamental to the unity of the working classes. ”

“ No authority may question anyone in relation to his convictions or religious observance, save in order to gather statistical data that cannot be individually identified, nor may anyone be prejudiced in any way for refusing to answer. Churches and other religious communities are separate from the state and are free to organise themselves and to exercise their functions and form of worship. The freedom to teach any religion within the ambit of the religious belief in question and to use the religion's own media for the pursuit of its activities is guaranteed. ”

“ Civil servants are for the service of the community and not for that of any party or association of private interests; it is their duty to respect the authority of the State and cause others to do so. ”

“ Public opinion is a fundamental part of the policy and administration of the country; it shall be the duty of the State to protect it against all those influences which distort it from the truth, justice, good administration, and the common weal. ”

“ Without prejudice to the right of ownership and as laid down by law, the state shall promote the resizing of farming units that are smaller than that which is suitable from the point of view of the agricultural policy objectives, particularly by means of legal, fiscal and credit incentives for their structural or merely economic integration, particularly in a cooperative form, or by measures designed to join parcels of land together. ”

“ Everyone is accorded the rights to personal identity, to the development of personality, to civil capacity, to citizenship, to a good name and reputation, to their image, to speak out, to protect the privacy of their personal and family life, and to legal protection against any form of discrimination. The law shall lay down effective guarantees against the improper procurement and misuse of information concerning persons and families and its procurement or use contrary to human dignity. ”

“ The autonomy of the regions is designed to ensure democratic participation by citizens, economic and social development and the promotion and defence of regional interests, as well as the strengthening of national unity and of the bonds of solidarity between all Portuguese. Regional political and administrative autonomy does not affect the integrity of the sovereignty of the state and shall be exercised within the overall framework of the Constitution. ”

“ With a view to their integral development, children have the right to protection by society and the state, especially from all forms of abandonment, discrimination and oppression and from the improper exercise of authority in the family or any other institution. ”

“ Political parties hold seats in entities and organs that are based on universal, direct suffrage in accordance with their proportion of election results. Minorities are accorded the right of democratic opposition, as laid down in the Constitution and the law. Political parties that hold seats in the Assembly of the Republic and do not form part of the Government particularly have the right to be regularly and directly informed by the Government about the situation and progress of the main matters of public interest. ”

“ Everyone has the right to education and culture. The state shall promote the democratisation of education and the other conditions needed for an education conducted at school and via other means of training to contribute to equal opportunities, the overcoming of economic, social and cultural inequalities, the development of the personality and the spirit of tolerance, mutual understanding, solidarity and responsibility, to social progress and to democratic participation in collective life. ”

“ The law shall define and ensure adequate protection of the secrecy of legal proceedings. Everyone has the right to secure a decision in any suit in which he is intervening, within a reasonable time limit and by means of fair process. For the purpose of defending the personal rights, freedoms and guarantees and in such a way as to secure effective and timely judicial protection against threats thereto or breaches thereof, the law shall ensure citizens judicial proceedings that are characterised by their swiftness and by the attachment of priority to them. ”

“ Political parties exist in order to contribute to the organisation and expression of the will of the people, with respect for the principles of national independence, the unity of the state and political democracy. ”

“ It is the duty of the nation to co-operate with other states in preparing and adopting measures making for peace among people and for the progress of mankind.
Sole § Portugal advocates arbitration as a means of settling international disputes.
Art. 5. The Portuguese State is a unitary and corporative republic founded upon the equality of all its citizens in the eyes of the law, upon the free access for all classes to the benefits of civilisation, and upon the participation of all the constituent forces of the nation in its administrative life and in the making of laws. ”

“ The State shall promote the formation and development of the national corporative economic system, taking care to prevent any tendency among its constituent bodies to indulge in unrestricted competition with each other, contrary to their own proper aims and those of society, and shall encourage them to collaborate as members of the same community. ”

“ The law may create independent administrative entities. Public associations may only be formed in order to fulfil specific needs, may not exercise the specific functions of trade unions and shall be organised internally on the basis of respect for their members' rights and the democratic formation of their organs. The processing of administrative activities shall be the object of a special law, which shall ensure the rationalisation of the resources that are to be used by departments and services, and that citizens participate in the taking of decisions or deliberations that concern them. ”

“ The Government depends exclusively upon possessing the confidence of the President of the Republic, and its continuance in office shall not depend upon the fate of its draft bills, or upon any vote of the National Assembly. ”

“ Strictly to the extent required by the specific demands of the respective functions, the law may establish restrictions on the exercise of the rights of expression, meeting, demonstration, association and collective petition by full-time military personnel and militarised agents on active service and agents of the security services and forces, and on their legal capacity to stand for election. In the case of the security forces, even when their right to form trade unions is recognised, the law may preclude the right to strike. ”

“ Attention shall be paid in the colonies to the stage of development of the native people. There shall be special statutes regarding natives, and these under the aegis of Portuguese public and private law, shall establish juridical rules in keeping with their individual, domestic and social usages and customs, provided that these are not incompatible with public morals and with the dictates of humanity. ”

“ Judges enjoy security of tenure and may not be transferred, suspended, retired or removed from office except in the cases provided for by law. Save for the exceptions laid down by law, judges may not be held personally liable for their decisions. Serving judges may not perform any other public or private function, save for unremunerated teaching or academic legal research functions, as laid down by law. Serving judges may not be appointed to limited-term positions unrelated to the work of the courts without the authorisation of the competent Supreme Council. ”

“ The state undertakes to implement a national policy for the prevention of disability and the treatment, rehabilitation and integration of disabled citizens and the provision of support to their families, to educate society in such a way as to make it aware of the duties of respect and solidarity towards them, and to undertake the charge of ensuring that their rights are effectively fulfilled, without prejudice to the rights and duties of their parents or guardians. ”

“ The State shall ensure the constitution and protection of the family as the source of preservation and development of the race, as the first basis of education, discipline and social harmony, and, as the foundation of all political and administrative order through family grouping and representation in the parish and in the town councils. ”

“ No one may be the object of a sentence or security measure that is more severe than those provided for at the moment of the conduct in question, or at that at which the prerequisites for the application of such a measure were fulfilled, while criminal laws whose content is more favourable to the accused person shall be applied retroactively. No one may be tried more than once for commission of the same crime. Citizens who are unjustly convicted have the right to the review of their sentences and to compensation for the damages they have suffered, as laid down by law. ”

“ In no case may a declaration of a state of siege or a state of emergency affect the rights to life, personal integrity, personal identity, civil capacity and citizenship, the non-retroactivity of the criminal law, accused persons' right to a defence, or the freedom of conscience and religion. ”

“ The priority objectives of the youth policy must be the development of young people's personality, the creation of the conditions needed for their effective integration into the active life, a love of free creativity and a sense of community service. In cooperation with families, schools, enterprises, residents' organisations, cultural associations and foundations and cultural and recreational groups, the state shall foster and support youth organisations in the pursuit of the said objectives, as well as international youth exchanges. ”

“ The organic or formal constitutional illegality of ordinances promulgated by the President of the Republic may only be called into question by the National Assembly either on its own initiative or on that of the Government, and the National Assembly shall determine the effects of such constitutional illegality, without prejudice however to situations created by causae judicatae. ”

“ Freedom of association includes the right to form or take part in political associations and parties and through them to work jointly and democratically towards the formation of the popular will and the organisation of political power. No one may be simultaneously registered as a member of more than one political party, and no one may be deprived of the exercise of any right because he is or ceases to be registered as a member of any legally constituted party. ”