Frank Wanlass, Patent 3356858: Low stand-by power complementary field effect circuitry (1967)
“ When an electric field is applied to the surface of an insulated field-effect semiconductor device, the mobile charge carriers within the semiconductor device are attracted to or repelled from the surface. In the event the field so applied is of adequate magnitude and of proper polarity, the resulting accumulation of carriers near the surface can result in the formation of an inversion layer or channel in which the majority carrier near the surface is of opposite type from that in the remainder of the semiconductor body. ”
