John Whitaker Hulke

“ The general form and the facies of the cylindrical teeth of Hypsilophodon are so like those hitherto generally regarded as Hylæo- saurian that I cannot help suspecting that these reputed Hylæosaurian teeth may really be the as yet unknown premaxillaries of Mantell's Iguanodon; and the suspicion derives strength from the fact that these teeth are not very rare in those Isle-of-Wight Wealden beds which also yield Iguanodon remains, whilst other indisputable remains of Hylæosaurians are extremely infrequent anywhere in the island Wealden formation. ”

“ The other basals and the intermediate phalanges are stout, moderately long, and their distal, pulley-shaped, articular surfaces are strongly marked. The unguals are large, long, straight, and sharply pointed. They have a very conspicuous marginal claw-groove. The third is the stoutest toe; and although it has one phalanx less, it is longer than the 4th, the basal 2nd, 3rd, and 4th phalanges of which are shorter than any others, in which respect they somewhat resemble those of the corresponding toe of the Iguanodon. ”

“ The mandibular symphysis, with about 4" of both rami behind it, and nearly as much in front of it, remains attached to the under surface of the snout. The symphysis begins opposite the interspace between the 7th and 8th maxillary teeth, counted from behind. The splenial bones are included in it.
The teeth are subequal, conical, sharply pointed; when fully extruded slightly retrocurved, unequally compressed laterally, the outer surface more convex than the inner one, the compression increasing towards the apex of the crown, and forming here a back and front smooth edge. ”

“ The proximal end of this bone was divided into two condyles, answering to those of the femur, but not so strongly marked as these were; and beyond the outer condyle a large crest projected forwards and outwards from the front of the upper part of the shaft. The axis of the shaft has a strong twist in the same direction as that of the femur. The distal end is transversely expanded, and it closely repeats that of the Iguanodon.
The fibula is very imperfectly known to me; I believe it to be rather shorter than the tibia. ”

“ The skull is in form elongated and sub triangular. Its sides converge regularly from the posterior and outer angles of the quadrate bones to the 8th tooth, counted from behind. From this they are nearly parallel, to the 14th tooth, in front of which the snout is slightly contracted where the premaxillo-maxillary suture crosses its alveolar border. The end of the snout, including the external nostril, is wanting. ”

“ The fossil which I venture to refer to the genus Ichthyosaurus is the symphysial part of a long slender mandible. The front end is wanting; and the rami have also been broken off just behind the symphysis. In its present mutilated state it measures 9 in. long, 1⋅2 transversely in front, and 2⋅1 at the posterior limit of the symphysis. Its outer surface is transversely gently convex, smooth, and finely wrinkled longitudinally. ”

“ The radius of a mature individual I found to be 4⋅87 inches long, the ulna slightly more; and the humerus was 5⋅75 inches in length.
Manus (fig. 3) .—The bones of the fore foot, together with the distal ends of the radius and ulna much crushed, were lying disconnected and confusedly in the clay, near the larger mass containing the shoulder-blade and coracoid. Two carpals are discernible, one of which may be a lunare, and the other, from the coaptation of one of its articular surfaces, maybe the corresponding ossicle in the second row. ”

“ The interorbital space is narrow, hollow transversely, plane axially, and less strongly pitted than the syncipital area.
The orbits are large, their contour is subtriangular, incomplete behind; they look directly upwards ”

“ There were certainly four (if not five) toes, of which the outer three are well preserved; their ossicles still maintain, with only slight disturbance, their proper relations. The metatarsals are long and stout; their proximal ends have been flattened by a hard sand-stone nodule. ”

“ The mandibular teeth exhibited by Mr. Hulke were identical with those previously discovered by Mr. Fox. In the 'Monograph' the evidence will be found of the specific, but not generic, distinction of Mr. Fox's small Dinosaur from the large Iguanodon Mantelli.
↑ Iguanodon has three functional toes only, the splint-like bone, thought to represent a first toe, not being segmented into phalanges. ↑ The artist has not been so successful as usual in the figure of a tooth which illustrates Prof. Owen's memoir on the skull of Scelidosaurus in the Foss. ”

“ G. Mantell, the other into that of Mr. Bowerbank. Subsequently both pieces were acquired by the British Museum and reunited. Thus completed, the slab exhibits a continuous chain of some 18 pre- sacral vertebræ, succeeded by the right ilium, the middle of which is crushed and hidden by an imperfect metatarsus. Below this are some long slender bones, which have received different interpretations from distinguished anatomists; and behind these are the left femur and a series of 12 caudal vertebræ. ”