Articulata

“ The articulating parts—the larynx, the tongue, the lips—are all sensibly excited; a suppressed articulation is in fact the material of our recollection, the intellectual manifestation, the idea of speech." [69]
The open mouth in Stricker's experiment not only prevents actual articulation of the labials, but our feeling of its openness keeps us from imagining their articulation, just as a sensation of glaring light will keep us from strongly imagining darkness. ”

“ The Terga are remarkable from the extreme prominence of the articular ridge and depth of the articular furrow. The basal margin viewed internally seems straight, so that there appears to be no spur; but viewed externally, when the crests for the depressor muscles are seen to depend considerably beneath the true basal margin, a slight, very broad spur may be perceived to exist. These depending crests for the muscles are rather thin, but they extend over half the basal margin of the valve. ”

“ Internally, the articular ridge is broad and reflexed. The adductor ridge in the upper part is almost confluent with the articular ridge; it runs down to the most prominent point of the basal margin; in young specimens it is sharp and prominent; in old specimens it is very blunt and little prominent. There is a rather deep hollow for the lateral depressor muscle. In young specimens there is a small, depending, blunt tooth at the basi-tergal angle, which helps to make the basal margin more deeply sinuous.
Terga, with the longitudinal furrow closed, except on the spur itself, where it is open. ”

“ All the defects illustrated by these examples are owing rather to the lack of flexibility in the apparatus of articulation—even stammering, tit-t-t-t, in attempting to repeat "Tisch," appears—than to imperfect ability to apprehend sounds. For the deficiency of articulation shows itself plainly when a new word is properly used, but pronounced sometimes correctly and sometimes incorrectly. ”

“ Seeing his end approach, the poor artist wished, at least, to die in France, and was, though with great difficulty, transported thither. There is something in these details which harmonizes with the feminine delicacy and refined sentiment that distinguished the playing of Artot. ”

“ Sometimes the bony surfaces do not fit each other, and we find between them fibro-cartilages that complete the articulation by adapting the articular surfaces to each other. Round or flat ligaments may extend from one articular surface to the other, and attached to the margins of the articulation are membranous, flat or round ligaments. Muscles and tendons that cross the articulations should be included among the structures binding them together. ”

“ ARTICULATIONS Any place in the body where two or more bones meet is called an articulation, or joint. At the place of meeting the bones are firmly attached to each other, thereby securing the necessary coherence of the skeleton. The large number of bones, and consequently of articulations, are necessary for the different movements of the body and also on account of the manner in which the skeleton develops, or grows. ”

“ Ah, hereupon turns the whole mystery; although the secret, at this point, I had comparatively little difficulty in solving. My steps were sure, and could afford but a single result. I reasoned, for example, thus: When I drew the scarabæus, there was no skull apparent upon the parchment. When I had completed the drawing I gave it to you and observed you narrowly until you returned it. You, therefore, did not design the skull, and no one else was present to do it. Then it was not done by human agency. ”

“ The time has not yet come when a final study of any part of the Arthurian legend, based upon a comparison of all the texts, is possible or indeed desirable. The different threads that form the shifting pattern of the fabric are so interwoven that no one can as yet be disentangled beyond a certain point without injury to the whole. ”

“ Articulation must be rhythmically in sympathy with the movement or the rhythm of the song. Even though the voice may flow freely on the vowels, the articulation must not be hurried, nervous or spasmodic. This style of articulation often disturbs the legato flow and spoils the general effect. While of course it is not possible to sing the consonantal sounds, a beautiful effect is often the result of playing upon the consonant rhythmically, with the movement of the song. ”

“ In the superior extremities we hardly see them, except in the hand, in which the articulation of the thumb with the first bone of the metacarpus always presents two of them, and in which they are sometimes found in the analogous articulation of the index finger, rarely in that of the little one, or in the phalangeal articulation of the thumb. ”

“ He finds in the philosophy of the polygon the impression he wishes to convey of the ideal and the invisible. His composition, according to the Gnostic definition, has its secret side, hidden under the emblem shown, while the emblem shown has also a hidden side. Then by the superposition of entrelacs, or strap-work, he conveys the idea of evolution, or things (mysteries) turning and repeating themselves indefinitely, but always in an inflexible circle. ”

“ My first idea now was mere surprise at the really remarkable similarity of outline—at the singular coincidence involved in the fact that, unknown to me, there should have been a skull upon the other side of the parchment, immediately beneath my figure of the scarabæus, and that this skull, not only in outline, but in size, should so closely resemble my drawing. I say the singularity of this coincidence absolutely stupefied me for a time. [Pg 51]
"This is the usual effect of such coincidences. The mind struggles to establish a connection, a sequence of cause and effect ”

“ It must be remembered, that the artist's full name is Artigli Coscia Colioloro. The device begins with a confused heap of birds' claws, paws of animals, &c.; next appears a thigh, cut short above the knee; this is followed by the letter C. Next in order is seen a flask pouring out a stream of oil; the letter l, with a comma above the line, comes next; and the whole is closed by a goodly heap of gold pieces. To an Italian scholar, it is hardly necessary to offer an explanation. The group of emblems at the left hand represents Artigli (limbs) ”

“ When we pass to the more complex problems of figure modelling and sculpture, it is but carrying on and developing the same principle of the contrast of planes, of the relief of plane upon plane, of forms upon one plane, to forms upon forms in many planes. From the contrast of bead and hollow we come to consider the contrast between the rounded limb and the sinuous folds of drapery; from the rhythm of the acanthus scroll we turn to the less obvious but none the less existing rhythm of the sculptural frieze. ”

“ In no other position does the contact of the two articular cartilages take place at all their points; one portion of the surface of each always pushes with more or less force the parts surrounding the articulation, and distends them. The softness of the cartilaginous texture renders less painful this pressure, which would be distressing in the great motions, if the bones preserved their hardness at the extremity of the lever which they represent. ”

“ Starting with the foundation of the School of Tours in 796, the minuscule, or lower-case letter, which is the basis of our modern styles, superseded all other forms of hand lettering. By the twelfth century the clear, free-flowing form that developed from the Caroline minuscule was the most beautiful hand ever developed, and was never surpassed until the humanistic scribes of the fifteenth century took it in its Italian form as their model and perfected it. ”

“ Also, in arthuri, the rostrum is relatively shorter, the braincase is more inflated anteriorly, the zygomatic arches are more uniformly spreading, and the dorsal outline of the skull is distinctly convex, both transversely and longitudinally, whereas it is transversely more nearly flat in noveboracensis and longitudinally is concave in the interorbital region. ”

“ The astragalus, which is elongated in the vertical direction, has three articular surfaces disposed in the form of trochleæ: a superior trochlea, which is in contact with the skeleton of the leg, and which is present in all animals; an inferior, which replaces the articular head found on the anterior aspect of the astragalus in man; this articulates with the portion of the scaphoido-cuboid that corresponds to the scaphoid; and, lastly, a posterior trochlea with which the calcaneum articulates. ”

“ One could not stick the end of his finger in the ground without touching an artichoke. I found that the whole earth was matted with artichokes. I really believe that had I had a full acre in and could have gathered all the artichokes, I would have gotten at least 1,500 bushels. ”

“ One cannot read the old chansons de geste in which fighting, and not love, is the absorbing topic, without feeling that the audience before whom they were chanted was predominantly male. One cannot but feel the contrary to have been the fact with the romances in verse and prose which constitute that immense mass of literature vaguely termed Arthurian. These two huge groups, the chansons de geste and the Arthurian romances, overlap chronologically and geographically. ”

“ In fact, being under the direct influence of Arletta's perception, conditions appeared much more comprehensive to me than ever before and I felt like some great judge looking down upon the earth and its inhabitants with an impartial eye. And somehow these inhabitants did not seem to impress me as being in such a high state of intelligence as I had formerly been led to believe they were. Everywhere human beings were fighting and snarling amongst themselves like ferocious beasts. ”

“ Lat. Arturius, son of Ædan (Adamnan) , W. Arthur, to which the Lat. Artorius (Juvenal) has been compared and suggested as its source (it being maintained that the Gens Artoria of Yorkshire lasted from Roman to Domesday-Book times, where Artor appears in the days of Edward the Confessor) . If native to Brittonic (which is probable) , it is from *arto-s, a bear, W. arth, O. Ir. art, whence the names Art, Artgal, Artbran. Rhys prefers to render the *arto- as "cultor," from ar, plough (Arth. Leg., 40-48) , allying Arthur to the idea of a "Culture God." Hence G. M'Artair, Mac-arthur. ”

“ It is easy to understand, from these views upon the articular motions, the division into genera of the class of moveable articulations. In fact, there are articulations in which all the motions are united; in others, there is no rotation; in many rotation and circumduction are wanting, and opposition exists only in one direction; some have only rotation. ”

“ As the professorship of sculpture is still vacant, I am not trespassing on any one’s ground if I say a word or two about finish in sculpture.
In this art, even more than in painting, excessive smoothness is too often mistaken for high finish.
The sculptors of the female figure especially, are too prone to efface (even in the clay) details which{257} ought to be carefully preserved; and after the figure has been cast in plaster, the work of polishing goes on with file and sand-paper, until the few touches of nature which had been left are effaced. ”

“ Artot's playing seemed to me like the full flower exhausting the plant; Ole Bull's like a star shining out of the infinite space.
Flowers wither, but the stars do not fade. We gather the blossoms with joy and hurry home; but the stars light us on our way and make our homes beautiful. Talent has something familiar and social in its impression and greeting; but Genius receives us with a calm dignity that transfigures courtesy and complaisance, and makes our relations healthy and grand. The whole tone of Artot's violin differs from Bull's. ”

“ Zoöl., an adult female, is doubtfully referred to arctica because the damaged tympanic bullae appear to be no larger than in alascensis, and the size of the skull is more as in alascensis although intermediate between that race and arctica. Shape of the skull is more as in arctica. ”

“ Now in the same way we allow for the distance and the perspective angle at which a work of sculpture is seen and interpret accurately the actual forms and effects of texture and light and shade the image of which falls on the retina. If the sculptor have altered his proportions there is a danger that we shall derive the impression of a distorted figure, because we have made our allowances on the supposition that the proportions are normal. ”

“ The outlines are firmly accentuated; the details sufficient without being elaborate; the figure, as proved specially in the arms, hands, legs, and feet, is perfectly understood; the draperies are cast simply and broadly; the heads of noble type are impressed with thought. Not a false touch appears throughout; the crayon is guided by knowledge; evidently preliminary studies and tentative drawings must have preceded this consummated product. No wonder that this cartoon made a deep impression; nothing had been seen at all like it in Rome for very many years. ”

“ The Attic relief of a woman mounting a chariot, notwithstanding a primitive harshness of form, shows, in the graceful drapery, the inclination of{288} the head and the position of the arms, as well as in the greater certainty of the drawing, qualities which cannot be ascribed exclusively to the superior perception of the inhabitants of Attica, but must be due, at least in part, to a later and more advanced stage of development. ”

“ Best of all would it be to be Ariosto himself or one of his brotherhood. Then everything in nature would give you a hint, and every form of beauty be part of your stock. You would n't have to look at things only to say—with tears of rage half the time—'Oh yes, it's wonderfully pretty, but what the devil can I do with it?' But a sculptor now, come! ”