The theme of "Raffles" spans both a literary figure and a social custom, highlighting its dual impact on culture and literature. At the heart of this theme is the fictional character A. J. Raffles, a refined gentleman-thief crafted by E. W. Hornung, whose escapades merge criminal brilliance with friendship, as illustrated in quotes showcasing his sharpness and connection with "Bunny" (his companion).
John Kendrick Bangs and Henry Mayhew also explored this theme, though Mayhew concentrated on the practical aspect of raffles as fundraising gatherings for the working class. Collectively, these viewpoints portray Raffles as both a narrative prototype and a social tool, unveiling its complex importance in 19th-century literature and urban society.