Data protection

“ The Commissioner encourages organisations to implement a "Personal Data Privacy Management Programme" [10] through which personal data privacy protection can be incorporated into their data governance responsibilities. They should bear in mind the importance of personal data protection in daily operations and adopt a top-down approach in executing open and transparent information policies and standing instructions, so as to signal their determination in exemplifying good corporate governance. ”

“ Responsibility for legal checks on the supply or receipt of personal data lies with the independent data protection authorities of the respective Contracting Parties. Anyone can request these bodies to check the lawfulness of the processing of data in respect of their person in compliance with national law. ”

“ An Act to make provision for the disclosure of information held by public authorities or by persons providing services for them and to amend the Data Protection Act 1998 and the Public Records Act 1958 ”

“ The purpose of this Act is to govern the collection, use and disclosure of personal data by organisations in a manner that recognises both the right of individuals to protect their personal data and the need of organisations to collect, use or disclose personal data for purposes that a reasonable person would consider appropriate in the circumstances. ”

“ Part V of the Data Protection Act 1998 (enforcement) , (ii) section 48 of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (practice recommendations) , or (iii) Part IV of that Act (enforcement) , or (b) the commission of an offence under— (i) any provision of the Data Protection Act 1998 other than paragraph 12 of Schedule 9 (obstruction of execution of warrant) , or (ii) section 77 of the Freedom of Information Act 2000 (offence of altering etc. records with intent to prevent disclosure) . (2) Nothing in Article 19 (1) applies in relation to the disclosure of information in accordance with this Article. ”

“ In the field of administrative and civil privacy legislation, various international organizations have developed a common approach to privacy protection in order to prevent the proliferation of different concepts and national regulations that would impede the transborder flow of data. ”

“ Every person shall have the right to the protection of his or her personal data, and to access and disseminate data of public interest.
(3) The exercise of the right to the protection of personal data and the access to data of public interest shall be supervised by an independent authority. ”

“ An organisation shall have the same obligation under this Act in respect of personal data processed on its behalf and for its purposes by a data intermediary as if the personal data were processed by the organisation itself. ”

“ If an organisation enters into the business asset transaction with another organisation—
(a) the organisation shall only use or disclose the personal data collected for the same purposes for which the other organisation would have been permitted to use or disclose the data; (b) if any of the personal data collected does not relate directly to the part of the other organisation or its business assets with which the business asset transaction entered into is concerned, the organisation shall destroy, or return to the other organisation, any such personal data ”

“ Although protection for information and other intangible things or values existed before the middle of the twentieth century, it did not play an important role until very recently. The last few decades have seen significant changes: the development from industrial to post-industrial society, the increasing value of information in economics, culture and politics, and the growing importance of computer technology have led to legal challenges and new legal responses to information law. ”

“ Likewise, the increasing computerization of data on the personal characteristics, attributes and socio-economic status of individuals, combined with a growing concern for privacy, engenders a corresponding need for legal protection, not only nationally but internationally ”

“ As discussed, data requires creative input in its creation, selection or arrangement to attract copyright in the dataset. In addition, sui generis rights can protect a database, but the data itself can be too descriptive or so basic that no protection extends to the individual data components included in the dataset or database. ”

“ If the United States does not give intellectual property protection to raw data, to facts, how is it that the database industry has managed to thrive here and to do better than in Europe, which has extremely strong protection? The economists described in Chapter 1 would surely tell us that this is a potential "public goods" problem. If it is hard to exclude others from the resource—it is cheap and easy to copy—and if the use of the resource is not "rival"—if I don't use up your facts by consulting them—then we ought to see the kind of dystopia economists predict. ”

“ On giving reasonable notice to the organisation, an individual may at any time withdraw any consent given, or deemed to have been given under this Act, in respect of the collection, use or disclosure by that organisation of personal data about the individual for any purpose. ”

“ Third-party access to personal data is prohibited, save in exceptional cases provided for by law. The allocation of a single national number to any citizen is prohibited. Everyone is guaranteed free access to public-use information technology networks. The law shall define the regime governing cross-border data flows, and the appropriate means for protecting both personal data and other data whose safeguarding is justified in the national interest. Personal data contained in manual files enjoy the same protection as that provided for in the previous paragraphs, as laid down by law. ”

“ Special statutes protecting exclusive access to and use of computer systems 97. In many countries, since the 1980s, the protection of computer data by the general provisions of trade secret law and intellectual property law has not been considered to be sufficient. In response to the new cases of hacking, many States developed new statutes protecting a "formal sphere of secrecy or privacy" for computer data by criminalizing illegal access to or use of another person's computer, thereby also protecting the computer data contained therein. ”

“ With respect to personal data, however, there are additional legal problems that mainly concern gathering, storing and linking personal data in the course of criminal proceedings. In this field of "privacy protection in criminal matters", legal requirements vary considerably among countries. Differences between various legal systems are found not only in substantive law requirements but also in the constitutional background, legal context and legislative technique of the relevant provisions. ”

“ When doing business through the Internet, it is especially important to protect personal data with appropriate software and commonsense security practices. Consumers and businesses can find resources on how to avoid identity theft and fraud by visiting the Federal Government's consumer protection website, www.consumer.gov . ”

“ Protection of confidential information To protect the trade secrets, personal data or other confidential information of a party to the proceedings or of a third party, or to prevent an abuse of evidence, the Court may order that the collection and use of evidence in proceedings before it be restricted or prohibited or that access to such evidence be restricted to specific persons. ”

“ In some cases, where confidentiality is a specific concern, additional protection must be provided through the application of mandatory regulatory requirements. Government classified information is subject to such regulations. ”

“ Maximizing cooperation between nations in order to address, firstly, the potential for enormous economic losses and, secondly, the general threat to privacy and other fundamental values that near-instantaneous cross-border electronic transactions may create; Worldwide protection so as to avoid "data paradises" or computer crimes havens where computer criminals can find refuge or launch there attacks ”

“ The scope of protection and security must include systems that process data (information technology (IT) ) and those that run the vital machinery that ensures our safety (operational technology (OT) ) .
It is the policy of my Administration that the prevention, detection, assessment, and remediation of cyber incidents is a top priority and essential to national and economic security. The Federal Government must lead by example. All Federal Information Systems should meet or exceed the standards and requirements for cybersecurity set forth in and issued pursuant to this order. ”

“ Production and operation entities must not shut down or destroy the surveillance, warning, protection and life-saving equipment and facilities that directly affect safety, or distort, conceal or destroy data and information from the equipment and facilities. ”

“ Do you, for instance, want salary information on a Winchester disk that any of your company’s computer-users could read? And how about employees’ health records? Good data security should protect your people as well as your company. ”

“ It is also likely that China's Personal Information Protection Law will lead to the Chinese government forcing Chinese and other companies to turn over their data held on Chinese citizens. As compartmentalisation of Chinese citizens' data will be difficult, this is likely to mean that, in practice, China will obtain access to data held on non-Chinese citizens as well. ”

“ Partner with industry and our citizens to secure personal data stored on government and private systems. Institute a common standard for securing such data across industries and protect the rights of individuals in the information age. ”

“ Article 44
⁠Where competent departments discover the existence of major security risks in data processing when they perform their regulatory duties as regards data security, they may, in accordance with the prescribed limits of authority and procedures, conduct regulatory talks with the relevant organizations and/or individuals, and require the relevant organizations and/or individuals to adopt measures to make rectifications and eliminate potential hazards. ”

“ While performing AML duties, authorized operators and other commercial institutions should protect business secrets, individual privacy and personal information in line with laws, and should not divulge customers' identity data or records of transactions. ”

“ Notwithstanding paragraph 3, a Party may take measures that are necessary to ensure the security and confidentiality of messages and to protect the privacy of personal data of end-users of public telecommunications networks or services, provided that those measures are not applied in a manner that would constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on trade in services. ”

“ Each computer unto itself is a necessary repository to facilitate business transactions. However, when someone begins to investigate me, crossing the boundaries of multiple data bases, without question, they are invading my privacy. ”

“ Every citizen shall be protected to the extent determined more precisely in law against any violation of personal integrity resulting from the registration of personal information by means of automatic data processing. ”