Jagadish Chandra Bose

Name: On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte
Author: Jagadish Chandra Bose

On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

Summary

“On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte”, published in 1902, is a work by Jagadish Chandra Bose. It explores elements such as response, vibration and reagent.

Quotes from On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (Jagadish Chandra Bose)

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ The effect of weak solution is sometimes the opposite to that of strong solution. By touching different points of the wire with different reagents, the excitability of these portions are rendered unequal. Hence a resultant electromotive variation may be obtained by Vibrating the wire as a whole. The current in the Wire is from the less to the more excitable. By this method, invisible traces of physico-chemical change in a wire may be detected. Chemical reagents not only change the excitability but the quickness of response. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ When one point is acted on by a chemical reagent, not only is its electric excitability changed, but its time relations—its latent period, the time-rate of its acquiring the maximum electric variation, and the recovery from the effect of stimulus—will also be modified. Using the block method, we may place a drop of excitant Na2CO3 on A and depressant KBr on B. On simultaneous vibration of A and B, the A effect being relatively much stronger than B effect, the resultant would be an upward deection. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ But the modification of which I have spoken does not stop short of more abolition of responsive power, but sometimes proceeds further, and actually reverses the sign of response—the excited wire becoming cuproid. This abnormal effect is sometimes found even in fresh unannealed wires, when feeble vibrations (of amplitude of 5° or less) may give rise to a negative response, but vibration of stronger intensity gives rise to the usual positive response. At other times the molecular modification is more pronounced, and there is a persistent reversal of response. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ Deflection of Traces of Physio-chemical Change.
I will now describe an experiment which will show in a striking manner how exceedingly delicate is the method of electric response to stimulation, and how by its means we can detect and measure traces of physico-chemical changes in different parts of the same solid. Take a wire and touch two points, one with Na2CO3 solution the other with oxalic acid. Wash the wire. There is no trace left of the previous treatment. Let one contact be permanently made at a normal or previously unacted point N. Let the other exploring contact be moved ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ This may be shown by keeping the galvanometer circuit open during the application of vibration, and completing it at various short intervals after the cessation, when a persisting electrical effect diminishing rapidly with time will be observed. When the wire is brought to the normal condition, successive responses to uniform stimuli are, in the case of metals which, like tin, show no fatigue, exactly the same. I usually interpose a high external resistance, varying from 1 to 5 megohms, so that the galvanometer deflections may be proportional to the electromotive variations ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ The same wire after it has been vibrated for a time exhibits stronger response. The period of recovery may also then be hastened. Longer time is required for recovery from the effects of a stronger stimulus. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ We may thus compare the effect of the reagent in relation to the normal effect of water or dilute NaCl solution. There is again an extremely delicate method of comparison of the relative effects of a series of compounds like Na2CO3, K2CO3, &c. Balance having been previously obtained between the normal sensitiveness of A and B, the two different solutions are now applied at the two points; the slightest difference in their relative action is at once exhibited by. the upsetting of the balance during stimulation, the direction of the resultant deflection indicating the more exciting reagent. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ With some the maximum effect takes place almost instantaneously, while with others it takes place gradually. Again, the effect may with some reach a maximum, after which there is a slight decline. The after-effect of some reagents is transitory while that of others is very persistent. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ Thick dots represent times of application of stimulus. to grow stronger and stronger. Hence, after this application, the response shows a preliminary negative twitch of B followed by positive variation of A. The negative grows continuously. At the fifth response, the two phases, negative and positive, of the double response become equal; after that, the negative becomes very prominent, the positive dwindling into a feeble after vibration. ”

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Source: Wikisource

Jagadish Chandra Bose, On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (1902)

“ It is difficult to say how much of this modification of responsiveness by various reagents is due to "physical" and how much to "chemical" cause. It has been shown that the responsive power does not depend on the chemical activity of the substance. Ti11 is more responsive than zinc. ”

Jagadish Chandra Bose

Summary

Quotes from On Electromotive Wave accompanying Mechanical Disturbance in Metals in Contact with Electrolyte (Jagadish Chandra Bose)

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