Various

“ Really, had I known that πᾶσι was an adjective feminine, I could scarcely have fallen into the mistake of supposing it to mean all men. But many of your readers will be likely to feel some sympathy for my error, while they learn from CEPHAS that the ordinary Greek grammars, in which they can have proceeded but a very few pages before they read and were called upon to repeat the cases of πας, πασα, παν, were quite wrong in teaching us that though πᾶσι might be either masculine or neuter, it must not be taken for a feminine form. ”

“ How fully these anticipations have been realised, how all the "best men" have come forward, we acknowledge with feelings of gratitude and pride. May we now hope that, in thus forming one fresh bond of union among the lovers and professors of Literature in this country, we have contributed towards a recognition of Literature as an honorable profession, and hastened the time when the claims of Literature, Science, and Art to some of those honorary distinctions hitherto exclusively conferred upon the Naval, Military, or Civil Servants of the Crown, will be admitted and acted upon. ”

“ For, having told us that πᾶσι is an adjective feminine, he adds, "it signifies here in all things;" whereas the grammars have long taught that things must not be understood unless the adjective be neuter. Perhaps he had better concede that the grammars have not been wrong in allowing that πᾶσι may be neuter; and then, as we know that it is also masculine, and he knows it to be feminine, it must be admitted to be of all genders, and so young learners will be spared all the trouble of distinguishing between them. If it be admitted that πᾶσι is neuter here, it may signify all things. ”

“ He has kindly told your readers, what they might have conjectured from the Italics in our authorized version, that in rendering Τίμιος ὁ γάμος ἐν πᾶσι, "Marriage is honourable in all," they inserted is; and to show your readers an example of keeping closer to the original, he himself renders it as follows: "Let (the laws of) marriage be revered in all things, and the marriage bed be undefiled."
Then comes his exposure of my unhappy mistake: "H. WALTER mistakes the adjective feminine ἐν πᾶσι as meaning all men." ”

“ In all these passages the words are quoted affirmatively, as is evident from the context; and it seems more likely, as well as more charitable, to believe that our translators were induced to adopt the present version in deference to such authorities, than to impute to them paltry motives of party purposes, which at the same time they have themselves taken the surest means to get exposed, by printing the inserted word in Italics. Can CEPHAS adduce any Father who quotes the text as he would read it, in the imperative mood, and with the sense of "all things," not "all persons?" ”

“ At that time shall the stones speak, and the sea towards the Gallic Coast be contracted into a narrow space. On each bank shall one man hear another, and the soil of the isle shall be enlarged. The secrets of the deep shall be revealed, and Gaul shall tremble for fear. ”

“ As CEPHAS quotes the Vulgate for authority in favour of enim in the next clause, he might have told your readers to respect its authority in rendering the first clause, "Honorabile connubium in omnibus." And if he has no new rules for correcting Syriac as well as Greek, that very ancient version, though the gender of the adjective be ambiguous in the equivalent to πᾶσι, renders the next clause, "and their couch is pure," showing that persons were understood. ”

“ But before we correct this error in one of the first pages of our grammar, I presume that we should all like to know from what recondite source CEPHAS has discovered that πασι, and not πασαις, is the feminine form of this constantly-recurring adjective.
But farther, p. 193. will show that I did not give him a right to assume that I should construe πασι "all men." For under my mistaken view of its being masculine, I thought the weaker sex was included; and being myself a married man, I knew that marriage comprehends women as well as men. ”

“ How many of the advocates for free trade are acquainted with a production in which one of the most gifted minds that the country ever produced, exerts his delightful powers and most effectual "unadorned eloquence" in the support of their favourite doctrine?
I do not see any copy of the Mercator noticed in the printed catalogue of the British Museum. ”

“ John living upon "locusts and wild honey" in the desert. I have related to you this fact as it occurred to me. The locust tree must be well known amongst horticulturists. I do not pretend to enter into the question whether the translation is right or wrong, as I am no "scollard," as the old woman said.
J. BL.
There is in Malta, the north of Africa, and Syria, a tree called the locust tree; it bears a pod resembling the bean, and affords in those countries food for both man and horse, which I have no doubt in my own mind is the locust of the New Testament. ”

“ It is certainly advisable to consult the earliest memoir of an individual in whose fate we take an interest, and even each successive memoir, in order that we may trace the more important historical particulars, and such critical opinions as seem to require discussion, to their true source. The result of some comparisons of this description, on former occasions, has almost led me to consider biographers as mere copyists—or, at the best, artists in patch-work. ”

“ All such endeavors to increase that "knowledge which maketh wise unto salvation" carry within themselves the elements of success; and we shall be the more glad to find that the present work meets with the patronage it deserves, as we may then look for the Old Testament on the same plan. ”

“ I discovered a fine copy of Badius Ascensius' editio princeps, bound up with Aulus Gellius and Macrobius, but utterly ignored in the Christ Church catalogue.
This instance shows the necessity of carefully examining the insides of books, as well as the backs and title-pages, during the operation of cataloguing. Our public libraries are rich in instances of a similar oversight, and many an important and recherché work is unknown, or acquires a conventional rarity, through its concealment at the end of a less valuable, but more bulky, treatise. ”

“ The Hebrew אַרְבֶּה, the locust proper, from רָבָה, to multiply, is used chiefly for the ravaging locust, as Exod. x. 12., probably a larger kind; while חָגַב, which is translated grasshopper in our version above, Vulg. locusta, Sept. ἀκρίδες, rendered by Fuerstius (Heb. Conc.) locusta gregaria, is mostly used as implying diminutiveness, as Numbers, xiii. 33., and but once as a devouring insect, 2 Chro. vii. 13. It is translated indiscriminately, in our version, locust and grasshopper; all these were edible and permitted to the Jews. ”

“ We cannot of course enter into any analysis of a work which is as replete with interest and amusement as it is with instruction; but we may point out as peculiarly deserving of attention the first part, which treats of the Germanic origin of the English language ”

“ Doubtless whatever the translators did was done "advisedly;" but what proof has CEPHAS that they adopted the present version merely to serve their own "interest?" Some verb must be supplied, and either form will suit the passage. It is true that Hammond prefers let to is, but there is as great authority on the other side.
1. St. Chrysostom:
"For marriage is honourable, and the bed undefiled: why art thou ashamed of the honourable; why blushest thou at the undefiled?"—Hom. XII. (Colos. vi.) Oxf. Trans., vol. xiv. p. 330.
"For marriage is honourable."—Hom. X. (1 Tim. i.) , Oxf. Trans., vol. ”

“ The family of Hotham, or Hothum, of Boudeby in Yorkshire, acquired large possessions in Kilkenny at an early period, apparently in consequence of an intermarriage with the Le Despencers, lords of a third of the liberty of Kilkenny. Can any reader of "NOTES AND QUERIES" supply me with a pedigree of that family, especially as connecting therewith Sir John Hotham, Bishop of Ossory, 1779-1782? Any particulars respecting the life of that prelate will also be thankfully acknowledged: he is said to have been a member of an old Yorkshire family. (Cotton's Fasti Ecclesiæ Hibernicæ, vol. ii. p. 288.) ”

“ Upon the whole, then, I imagine that if any one will take the trouble to compare the passages above cited, and others in which the phrase ἐν πᾶσι is used, he will find that generally it refers to "persons," and requires to be limited by the context before it bears the sense of "things:"—in other words, that the former meaning is to be considered the rule, the latter the exception. ”

“ Perhaps I am convicting myself of the most benighted ignorance by asking some of your learned correspondents to elucidate for me a letter of Bramhall's, which I extract from his works. It was written to his son from Antwerp, and relates to the early years of our great Milton at Cambridge, dated:
"Antwerpe, May. 9/19, 1654.
"That lying abusive book [viz., the Def. Pop. Ang.] was written by Milton himself, one who was sometime Bishopp Chappell's pupil in Christ Church in Cambridge, but turned away by him, as he well deserved to have been, out of the University, and out of the society of men. ”

“ The Chronological New Testament, in which the Text of the Authorised Version is newly divided into Paragraphs and Sections, with the Dates and Places of Transactions marked, the Marginal Renderings of the Translators, many Parallel Illustrative Passages printed at length, brief Introductions to each Book, and a Running Analysis of the Epistles, is another and most praiseworthy attempt "to make our invaluable English version more intelligible to devout students of the Word of God," by the various helps in arrangement and printing set forth in the ample title-page which we have just transcribed. ”

“ A CATALOGUE OF STANDARD WORKS, which are approved by the most eminent Teachers of Music, has just been published by Her Majesty's music publishers, ROBERT COCKS & CO. These selected works are remarkable for the interest they afford to the pupils, whose love and attention are at once engaged, and their rapid progress ensured. All who are engaged in the tuition of the young will save themselves much time and trouble by obtaining this list, which may be had gratis and postage free. ”

“ And assuredly the same evidence which carries us thus far, will not allow of our supposing that Ussher joined with Juxon, though, as I have said before, he may, when summoned, have avoided giving any advice. The facts seem simply these: when it was known that the king, satisfied of the innocence of Lord Strafford, hesitated about affixing his signature to the bill, or granting a commission to others to do so, the London rabble, lord mayor, and prentice lads were next called up, and the safety of the royal family menaced. ”

“ THE LOCUSTS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.
(Vol. iv., p. 255.)
The Romaic version of Matt. iv. 4. is almost verbally taken from the Greek, "ἡ δὲ τροφὴ αὐτοῦ ἦν ἀκρίδες καὶ μέλι ἄγριον." In Mark i. 6., the expression is ἐσθίων ἀκρίδας. The only other place in the New Testament were the word ἀκρὶς is found, is in Rev. ix. 3. 7., where it plainly means a locust.
In the Septuagint version the word is commonly used for the Hebrew אַרְבֶּה, locust, of the meaning of which there is no dispute; as in Exodus, x. 4. 12, 13, 14.; Deut. xxviii. 38.; Joel, i. 4., ii. 25.; Ps. cv. ”

“ This must be allowed to be open to debate; but as the proper meaning of τίμιος is "to be esteemed honourable," "had in reputation" (Acts v. 34.) , will it be a mistake to say, that the primitive Christians would properly respect marriage, in their clergy as well as in others, on the ground of the Scriptures saying, "Let marriage be esteemed honourably in every respect?" Could they properly want ground for allowing it to the clergy, when they could also read 1 Tim. ”

“ Wilson endeavors to pourtray the thoughts and feelings of the poet, will be read with pleasure by all who agree with him that poetry rightly understood is associated with everything that is eternal and just, true and elevating, tender and loving. ”

“ Your correspondent MR. W. H. HESLEDEN, in his description of "A Funeral in Hamburgh" (Vol. iv., p. 269.) , has twice made use of the word cavalcade in reference to that which would otherwise appear to be a walking procession. He will oblige me (and I dare say others of your readers) by explaining whether the procession was really equestrian, or whether he has any authority for the application of the term to pedestrians. The use of the word cannot have been a mere oversight, since it is repeated. ”

“ T., vol. xvi. p. 263.
"'Honourable, therefore, is marriage in all, [he had just before been speaking of married persons] and the bed undefiled.' And this we do not so call a good, as that it is a good in comparison of fornication," &c.—Short Treat. de Bono Conjug., Oxf. T., vol. xxii. p. 283.
3. St. Jerome, to whose authority perhaps CEPHAS will sooner bow on a version of Holy Scripture than to Hammond's:
"Illi scriptum est: 'Honorabiles nuptiæ, et cubile immaculatum:' Tibi legitur, 'Fornicatores autem et adulteros judicabit Deus.'"—69. Epist. ad Ocean. Hier. Op., vol. i. f. 325. Basileæ. ”

“ COWGILL.
[COWGILL is right: the question of the Marriage of Ecclesiastics is not calculated for our pages. But our correspondent CEPHAS having impugned the scholarship of H. WALTER, and the honesty of the translators of the authorized version, justice required that we should insert MR. WALTER'S answer, and one of the many replies we have received in defence of the translators. With these, and COWGILL'S references to authorities which may be consulted upon the question, the discussion in our columns must terminate.]
LORD STRAFFORD AND ARCHBISHOP USSHER.
(Vol. iv., p. 290.) ”