Various, The American Missionary — Volume 33…
“ Our emancipation was forced upon us—it was sudden; it gave no time for preparation; and our national honor forced us to give not only emancipation, but the rights and defenses of citizenship. This was the position in which the war left us. We had four million new United States citizens in our Union, without property, without education, with such morals as may be inferred from the legal status in which they had been kept; they were surrounded by their former white owners, every way embittered toward them, and in no wise disposed to smooth their path to liberty and competence. ”
