“ The free Trade economists have all along asserted the contrary, or more commonly assumed the fact to be undeniable. Well, the "Black Tariff has been passed, laying heavy duties on "Salt, Coal and Iron;" and which theory stands the test of experience! Was coal ever before so cheap at this season? Are not iron and salt low enough for any man of conscience? Are not all sorts of manufactures nearly as cheap as, and many of them cheaper than they were before the tariff? ”

“ If the tariff adopted at the last session of Congress shall be found by experience to bear oppressively upon the interests of any one section of the Union, it ought to be, and I cannot doubt will be, so mortified as to alleviate its burdens. To the voice of just complaint, from any portion of their constituents, the representatives of the States and the people will never turn away their ears. ”

“ Thomas Jefferson, In his Message to Congress of December 15, 1802, thus enumerates the proper objects of our Government:
"To cultivate peace and maintain commerce and navigation in all their lawful enterprises; to foster our fisheries as nurseries of navigation, and for the nurture of man, and protect the manufactures adapted to our circumstances; to preserve the faith of the nation by an exact discharge of its debts and contracts, expend the public money with the same care and economy we would practice with our own, and impose on our citizens no unnecessary burdens ”

“ Our side has all along held that an increase of duty on Foreign coal, would not increase the average price of those articles to the American consumer; they are your expectations, not ours, that are "disappointed." We say that coal, iron, and other staples will ultimately be lower under an efficient Protective Tariff than under Free Trade; while the representatives of Tammany Hall in Congress, and its demagogues out of Congress, have been whimpering over the taxation and robbery of the poor of our city, by the duty on coal, in order to swell the profits of the miners. ”

“ Our political system would thus present the anomaly of the people stripped of the right to foster their own industry, and to counteract the most selfish and destructive policy which might be adopted by foreign nations. ”

“ But so long as the duty of the foreign shall operate only as a bounty upon the domestic article—while the planter, and the merchant, and the merchant, and the shepherd, and the husbandman, shall be found thriving in their occupations, under the duties imposed for the protection of domestic manufactures—they will not repine at the prosperity shared with themselves by their fellow-citizens of other professions, nor denounce as violations of the Constitution the deliberate acts of Congress to shield from the wrongs of foreign laws the native industry of the Union. ”

“ The period is fast approaching when our Legislature convenes, and those which have considered the vast importance of the subject of common school education look to the legislation concerning it which deep interest. And inasmuch as the expressed wishes of the people ought to, and does have a powerful influence upon the proceedings of their representatives, efforts should be made to procure such an expression of opinion upon leading questions, as well correctly indicate the popular feelings concerning them. ”

“ If for the next four years we are thrown into the arms of South Carolina, Nullification, Tammany Hall Agrarianism, and British Free Trade or in other words, commercial dependance on England, the condition of our yeomanry and mechanics will be little or no better than that of the same classes in Europe the country will have received the last stunning blow, from which all recovery will be uncertain. ”

“ Of our present population, one in seventeen! over 20 years of age can neither read nor write. What a deplorable state of things! and yet the next census and the succeeding one will show our condition to be still worse, unless we speedily have energetic action in behalf of common schools. In this cause there will be no spontaneous motion forward; the natural movement is backward, down to the lowest depths of ignorance. ”

“ Our manufactures will likewise require the systematic and fostering care of the government. 'Possessing, as we do, all the raw materials, the fruit of our own soil and industry, we ought not to depend in the degree we have done, on supplies from other countries. While we are thus dependent, the sudden event of war, not sought and unexpected, cannot fail to plunge us into the most serious difficulties. ”

“ Against this fearful combination the freemen of the North and West would be united as one man, and carry a triumphant majority, if they were all made to understand their true interests and to know their true friends. ”

“ The slightest duty upon some might have the effect of causing their importation to cease; whereas others, entering extensively into the consumption of the country, might bear the heaviest, without any sensible diminution in the amount imported."
"So, also, the Government may be justified in discriminating, by reference to other considerations of domestic policy connected with our manufactures. So long as the duties shall be laid with distinct reference to the Treasury, no well founded objection can be raised against them." ”

“ The situation into which we have thus been forced, has impelled us to apply a portion of our industry and capital to internal manufactures and improvements. The extent of this conversion is daily increasing, and little doubt remains that the establishments formed and forming will, under the auspices of cheaper materials and substance of cheaper materials and substance, the freedom of labor from taxation with us, and of protecting duties and prohibitions, become permanent. ”

“ Besides the reasonableness of saving our manufactures from sacrifices which a change of circumstances might bring upon them, the national interest requires that, with respect to such articles at least as belong to our defence and primary wants, we should not be left in a state of unnecessary dependence on external supplies. ”

“ Shall they be permitted to grow up in ignorance—foreigners in all their views and feelings—or shall they be made Americans, and so far instructed as to be made capable of judging for themselves of our republican institutions, and appreciating the high privileges of a nation's governing itself? ”

“ With one in seventeen unqualified to act independently upon his own knowledge and judgment, there is great reason to fear for the perpetuity of our institutions; what then should we apprehend with one in seven who can neither read nor write, as it is in North Carolina? ”

“ To be sure, other members of the confederacy may furnish salt enough to preserve the Republic; but have we Suckers no pride in seeing that we fully perform our part in the great moral work? Are we willing to have the finger of scorn pointed at us as being among the lowest in the scale of education—as a perfect ulcer on the body politic? ”

“ Although other subjects will press more immediately on your deliberations, a portion of them cannot but be well bestowed on the just and sound policy of securing to our manufactures the success they have attained, and are still attaining, under the impulse of causes not permanent, and to our navigation, the fair extent of which is, at present, abridged by the unequal regulations of foreign Governments. ”

“ Our opponents call them aristocrats, who have feathered their own nests out of the hard earnings of the people, and think they should be taxes and vexed until they stop business and set the workmen free.—Haverhill (Mass.) ”

“ An Iron Company which should be sure of the demand of 5,000 tons of metal annually, could make it much cheaper than with a precarious market for 1,000 tons this year, and perhaps 100 next. Does any practical man need evidence in support of so plain a proposition?—Tribune. ”

“ John Quincy Adams, In his Message of December 2nd, 1828, thus vindicates the power and policy of Protection:
"Is the self-protecting energy of this nation so helpless, that there exists in the political institutions of our country no power to counteract the bias of foreign legislation;that the growers of grain must submit to the exclusion from the foreign marks of their produce ”

“ In most of the Eastern States, and in Ohio and Michigan, they have this officer; and surely if there, where in many of them long established systems still exist in full vigor, they deem it advisable to maintain such an officer at the expense of the State, we surely should not hesitate when there is so much more for him to do, and when his labors are so much more required. ”

“ The tariff has put an end to the importation of good generally from England, and the consequence is, that vessels which have gone out with cargoes, find no freights back, and are compelled to ballast with whatever is heavy and cheap. ”

“ The people on the bank had long admired the stream and fall, but they could not control or use it, having neither money nor skill. The people got their living by raising hops, with a little corn, beans and potatoes ”

“ After the factory was finished they hired all the young men at one dollar a day, and the young women at fifty cents. Lands rose in the vicinity, so that many got $1,000 for that which before was not worth $100. The farmers round got the third more for their hay, corn and potatoes. Vegetables which were worth nothing before, except to eat, now found a ready market. The articles manufactured were sold to the people lower than ever before, as they were free of duties and transportation. ”

“ The land for four square miles was doubled in value,—in the village eighteen times its value. Thirty thousand dollars worth of houses had been built from the savings of the laborers, and the business continues. ”