Rustam

Definition and stakes

Aḥmad ibn Yaḥyá al-Balādhurī,  The Origins of the Islamic State (1916)

“ Rustam, snorting with anger, said, "By the sun and by the moon, the day will not break to-morrow before we kill you all." "No strength and no force but in Allah," answered al-Mughîrah, and departed riding a lean horse with a sword broken at its edge and wrapped up in rags. [5]
ʿAmr and al-Ashʿath interview Rustam. ʿUmar wrote to Saʿd instructing him to send to the magnate of the Persians a delegation to invite him to Islâm. Accordingly, Saʿd sent ʿAmr ibn-Maʿdikarib az-Zubaidi and al-Ashʿath ibn-Ḳais al-Kindi at the head of a delegation.
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Source: Wikisource

The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night… (1885)

“ As soon as it was day, the two hosts mounted their strong steeds and levelled their lances and wore their harness of war; then they raised their slogan cries and drew out in battle-array, whilst came forth all the lordly knights and the lions of fights. Now the first to open the gate of battle was Rustam, who urged his charger into mid-field and cried out, “God is most Great! I am Rustam, champion-in-chief of the Arabs and Ajams. Who is for tilting, who is for fighting? Let no sluggard come out to me this day or weakling!” Then there rushed forth to him a champion of the Persians ”
Source: Gutenberg

Muhsin Fani,  The Dabistán, or School of manners…

“ Hence Rustam’s philosophical reflexions. In general, we see frequently in the Persian historical accounts the characters of kings, heroes, ascetics, and philosophers confusedly blended in the same persons.—A. T.
[368] At the time that a great army of Turanians commanded by Sohrab overrun Persia, Rustam, the ruler of Sistan, was summoned by Káús, his liege, to repulse the invaders.
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Source: Gutenberg

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