Seres

Definition and stakes

Ammianus Marcellinus,  The Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus

“ The Seres themselves live quietly, always avoiding [Pg 342] arms and battles; and as ease is pleasant to moderate and quiet men, they give trouble to none of their neighbours. Their climate is agreeable and healthy; the sky serene, the breezes gentle and delicious. They have numbers of shining groves, the trees of which through continued watering produce a crop like the fleece of a sheep, which the natives make into a delicate wool, and spin into a kind of fine cloth, formerly confined to the use of the nobles, but now procurable by the lowest of the people without distinction. ”
Source: Gutenberg

1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 24… (1911)

“ On a hill above the town are the ruins of a fortress described in a Greek inscription as a “tower built by Helen in the mountainous region.” Séres is the headquarters of the Turkish wool trade, and has also manufactures of cloth and carpets. There is a large trade in rice and cereals, and the other exports include tobacco and hides. ”
Source: Wikisource

Friedrich Kluge,  An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language (1891)

“ It is usually assumed that these latter terms come from the Latin, in which serîcus (Irish síric) means ‘of silk’; they must, however, especially since their forms can scarcely be deduced from the Latin, be more fittingly connected, like Old Slovenian šelkŭ, masculine, ‘silk,’ with an Eastern term; compare Mongolian sirgek, ‘silk.’ The Seres, from whom the Greeks obtained their term σηρικὸς (Latin sêricus) , adjective, cannot, as an East Asiatic people, be regarded as the immediate source of the North European loan-words. ”
Source: Wikisource

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