Vaccine

“ The antagonism of vaccination to the so-called designs of Providence was loudly asserted. One Dr. Squirrel on this head maintained that “Providence never intended that the vaccine disease should affect the human race, else why had it not, before this time, visited the inhabitants of the globe? Notwithstanding this, the vaccine virus has been forced into the blood by the manufacturing hand of man, and supported not by science or reason, but by conjecture and folly only, with a pretence of its exterminating the smallpox from the face of the earth.” ”

“ I oppose the practice of vaccination because it is not known what vaccine virus is, except that it is a mixed contagion of disease. We hear much these days about “pure” virus and “pure calf lymph.” Nothing could be more absurd and meaningless than the flippant talk indulged in by vaccinators and the purveyors of vaccine virus about “pure calf lymph,” a hybrid product of diseased animal tissues. “Pure virus” translated into plain English is pure “animal poison.” The phrase “pure calf lymph” is applied to an brand of vaccine virus now in use is a misnomer for two reasons. ”

“ Viewed as a mere physical fact in the natural history of the animal kingdom, the virtue of the vaccine virus in resisting the action of the variolous, is, by its novelty and singularity, highly striking and interesting to every one whose taste leads him to take delight in contemplating and exploring the devious ways and varied forms of Nature, as curious exceptions to the uniformity and constancy of her laws. ”

“ Vaccination consists in introducing vaccine into the blood of a healthy person, usually by making an abrasion of the skin. The vaccine is obtained from health laboratories, where it is produced from the blood of artificially-infected cattle. Inoculation of the human blood is also widely used nowadays in order to prevent or to mitigate diphtheria, typhoid, pneumonia, and rabies. All members of the American expeditionary forces during the World War were given the anti-typhoid inoculation. ”

“ Now while such wholesale and repeated or redoubled or saturated vaccinations for every person, every year, would undoubtedly be a most profitable thing for vaccinating doctors and vaccine makers and would extend the use of vaccine virus ten to one hundred fold, yet it is very doubtful whether this would be any benefit to public health. ”

“ The student passes from these great places of study as ignorant of vaccination as the savage in the woods. When he gets into practice he manages to pick up his information as best he can. Consequently, the method of transferring the vaccine lymph from arm to arm, or from the vaccine point to the arm, differs as widely as the ideas of men can differ who have to act without any previous knowledge on a given subject. Some merely scratch the skin, others make a deep puncture, in some cases only two incisions are made, but the perfect vaccinator will always make three incisions on each arm. ”

“ No instance of the transmission of foot and mouth disease to man through vaccine virus has been recorded, and it is considered doubtful, in view of the tests made, if it is possible to reproduce the disease in him by the cutaneous inoculation commonly used in the process of vaccination. ”

“ As described above, the two subunit vaccine strategies that have achieved most efficacy in humans are a protein/adjuvant vaccine, specifically RTS,S, that induces antibodies that clear sporozoites before they can enter the liver, and vectored vaccines that clear infected liver cells. ”

“ I oppose vaccination because I believe that health is always preferable to disease. The principle and practice of vaccination involves the introduction of the contagion of disease at least twice, and, according to numerous authorities, many times, into the human organism. The disease conveyed by vaccination causes an undeniable impairment of health and vitality, it being a distinctly vaccine “lymph,” is taken from a lesion on the body of a diseased beast, and inserted by the vaccinator into the circulation of healthy children. ”

“ She who has it, and miscarries, or who is brought to bed at term, generally dies. It is, in my opinion, inexcusable to expose her to so great a risk—a risk far greater than that from accidental contagion, or that of the epidemy. But the vaccine is identical with the variolous animal poison, saving some lessened intensity of its malignant form, derived from its having been modified by the nature of another mammal. To inoculate a cow with small-pox virus, is to give her the vaccine disease, with the lymph of which you can vaccinate, but not reproduce unmodified small-pox. ”

“ The superiority of Vaccine Inoculation being now fully ascertained, those who still continue to inoculate for the small-pox, and to disseminate that dreadful contagion, ought to be looked on as the pests of society ”

“ For it has been made out quite clearly, by investigations carried on in France and in this country, that the only part of the vaccine matter which is contagious, which is capable of carrying on its influence in the organism of the child who is vaccinated, is the solid particles and not the fluid. ”

“ The great revolution effected by vaccination can scarcely be appreciated in our days, and some testimonies from the past are continually needed. The Rev. Dr. Booker, of Dudley, which in his time contained fourteen thousand inhabitants, testified thus respecting vaccination and its striking effects: “I have, previous to the knowledge of the vaccine inoculation, frequently buried, day after day, several (and once as many as eight) victims of the smallpox. ”

“ At a certain stage it always becomes necessary to test it on human beings.
Q. In these vaccinations on members of the institute and students, you tested the tolerability of the vaccine; the immunizing effect of the vaccine, if I understood you correctly, could not be proved by these experiments?
A. Yes. The immunizing effect can also be determined. One merely needs to make the Weil-Felix reaction, which has been mentioned in this trial. That is, to ascertain whether the blood serum already contains protective bodies against the typhus germ. ”

“ But out of an abundance of caution, you want to at least start off and show the proof of principle that you can get a vaccine that can induce a considerable amount of immune response in the form of antibodies certainly, and possibly T cells, that can address the specific variant. ”

“ The other vaccine is a mixed vaccine of the more important bacteria in the respiratory tract in influenza, principally pneumonococci, streptococci and influenza bacilli. It appears that vaccines of this nature are in extensive use, but we have no evidence that any benefit will be derived from them. To say that thousands have been vaccinated with apparently good results means nothing at all, simply because we are still in the midst of the outbreak, in many places even in the earlier stages. ”

“ The conditions which render a person liable to develop anaphylaxis and the mechanism by which it is established are as yet imperfectly understood.
_Vaccine Treatment._--The vaccine treatment elaborated by A. E. Wright consists in injecting, while the disease is still active, specially prepared dead cultures of the causative organisms, and is based on the fact that these "vaccines" render the bacteria in the tissues less able to resist the attacks of the phagocytes. ”

“ Now here we see that at least two and probably three great epidemics of fatal disease have originated from vaccine factories and this raises the serious question as to how far other epidemics, or even the recent epidemic of influenza, and pneumonia, may have originated from some vaccine factory or from some of their products extensively or carelessly used. ”

“ The two great epidemics of Foot and Mouth Disease, or virulent cowpox, in this country in 1902 and 1908 were caused by the vaccine virus of two of these ninety-nine vaccine manufacturers; and these epidemics resulted in great mortality to animals and mankind, as already shown, with a loss of millions of dollars to the Government and people of the United States ”

“ In contrast, antibody levels induced to CSP by RTS,S or T cells to TRAP induced by prime-boost vaccination are over a 100-fold higher than levels induced by natural exposure. The third difficulty has been posed by the extensive polymorphism of many leading candidate blood-stage antigens [ [49] : some vaccine candidates include more than one allele to try to overcome this but it remains to be seen how successful this approach will be. ”

“ My fellow-citizens, I have the happiness to report that a vaccine completely protecting normals against the para condition, and curing those already paras, has been developed. Dr. Lett, of the planetary health service, has produced the vaccine which is already in small-scale production and will shortly be available in large quantities, enough for everyone! The epidemic which has threatened every person on Tallien Three is about to end! And to hasten the time when every person on the planet will have the vaccine in the required dosage and at the required intervals, Dr. ”

“ An “autogenous” vaccine is a vaccine that is made from bacteria derived from the individual or animal which it is desired to vaccinate and contains not only the particular organism but the particular strain of that organism which is responsible for the lesion. Stock vaccines are made up from organisms like the infective agent in a given case but derived from some other person or animal or from laboratory cultures. ”

“ America does well to hold a national week of observance to remind citizens that the need for immunization does not stop with childhood. Vaccine-preventable diseases continue to kill grown-ups in our Nation; as many as 70,000 adults die each year because they do not take advantage of vaccines for influenza, pneumococcal pneumonia, hepatitis B, tetanus, and other preventable infectious diseases. ”

“ The first vaccine may always be chosen of a degree of weakness which will not in any case cause death, and yet of sufficient strength to prevent dangerous consequences from the second vaccine, which would in some cases be fatal if employed at once, and to enable it to act as a vaccine against the most virulent virus. ”

“ From a careful analysis of the results of this inoculation, it is shown that the efficacy of the prophylactic depends upon the virulence of the bacillus culture from which the vaccine is prepared, and upon its dose and ability to produce a well-marked febrile reaction. It appears to be more effective in the prevention of deaths than of attacks.
The anti-typhoid vaccination is another example of inoculation to secure active immunity. It is needless, perhaps, to point out that all these vaccinations, except rabies, are prophylactic, and not curative. ”

“ The preparation of vaccine has been the subject of such minute care in every country that neglect of vaccination is astonishing. The material is obtained from calves or cows. In France the vaccine is prepared from animals of five to eight months old, free from disease. The old system of inoculation by puncture has been completely abandoned, the yield being insufficient, scarifications or incisions being now employed. ”

“ As it is often propagated by unscrupulous persons when travelling whilst sick with mild forms of small-pox, or varioloid, we would advise every one to examine carefully, at the first opportunity, a vaccine pock upon a child's arm, 5 or 7 days after a successful vaccination, and then studiously avoid proximity to any strangers having similar eruptions upon their skin. ”

“ Fig. 6. Vaccination on the tenth day, showing a severe type of infection in a little child. Note wide-spread inflammation over the arm at the “areola” around the vaccine pustule and the bad eruption on the face which sometimes spreads all over the body. This is, of course, a clear case of pus infection and septicemia in which lockjaw, meningitis, pneumonia, or other diseases may find their essential conditions for producing their deadly work in killing the child as a direct or indirect result of the vaccination and the double infection caused by it. ”

“ Additionally, if vaccine is administered to an exposed individual during the incubation period and disease subsequently develops, there is a risk that those administering the vaccine will be perceived by the local population as spreading the disease, which would undermine efforts to further implement vaccination or other control methods. ”

“ Later on, the prescribed process according to Gildemeister and Haagen was introduced.
“2. Experiments on animals for the purpose of testing the manufactured vaccines were taken up simultaneously with the beginning of the production and were carried out continuously. The results of the animal experiments were not always clear. The vaccine tolerance was tested by protective vaccinations of employees; all employees connected with the typhus department or who came in contact with employees working therein, were vaccinated. ”

“ Vaccination for immunization against typhus using the following vaccines:
1. 31 persons with Weigl vaccine from the intestines of lice from the Institute for Typhus and Virus Research of the Army High Command, Krakow.
2. 35 persons with vaccine from vitelline membrane cultures made by the Cox, Gildemeister, and Haagen process.
3. 35 persons with vaccine “Behring Normal” (1 egg in an emulsion of 450 cc. vaccine. Mixture of 70 percent Rickettsia Mooseri and 30 percent Rickettsia-Prowazeki) .
4. 34 persons with “Behring Normal” “Behring Strong” (1 egg emulsified in 250 cc. solvent) . ”