Scapular

Definition and stakes

J. H. Kurtz,  Church History (Volumes 1-3)

“ A tract, entitled “Gnaden und Ablässe des fünffachen Skapuliers,” published by episcopal authority at Münster in 1872, declared that any layman who wore the five scapulars would participate in all the graces and indulgences belonging to them severally. The most useful of all was the Carmelite scapular, impenetrable by bullets, impervious to daggers, rendering falls harmless, stilling stormy seas, quenching fires, healing the possessed, the sick, the wounded, etc.―The Benedictines had no scapulars, but they had Benedict-medals, from which they drew a rich revenue. ”
Source: Gutenberg

Scott A. Hocknull; Matt A. White; Travis R. Tischler; Alex G. Cook; Naomi D. Calleja; Trish Sloan; David A. Elliott,  New Mid-Cretaceous (Latest Albian…

“ Left scapula in lateral (G) and medial (H) views. Dashed lines represent suggested missing areas. The scapular blade would have been oriented at approximately 45° to the coracoid. The cranio-dorsal margin of the coracoid was most-likely very thin as the corresponding region of the cranial fossa is only 1–2 cm thick. The distal end of the scapular blade is expanded to a similar degree to that of the proximal end. Caudal of the scapular glenoid expansion, the scapular blade expands into a small tuberosity, a ventro-medial process below the scapular ridge. ”
Source: Wikisource

Frederick Gymer Parsons,  1911 Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)

“ Its costal or ventral surface is in relation to the ribs, from which it is separated by certain muscles: one, called sub- scapularis, arises from the surface itself, which is often termed subscapular fossa. The dorsum or back of the scapula is traversed from behind forward by a prominent spine, which lies in the proper axis of the scapula, and subdivides this aspect of the bone into a surface above the spine, the supraspinous fossa, and one below the spine, the infra-spinous fossa. ”
Source: Wikisource

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