Paul Daniel Alphandéry, 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica (1911)
“ In the spring of 1349 bands of flagellants, perhaps from Hungary, began their propaganda in the south of Germany. Each band was under the command of a leader, who was assisted by two lieutenants; and obedience to the leader was enjoined upon every member on entering the brotherhood. The flagellants paid for their own personal maintenance, but were allowed to accept board and lodging, if offered. The penance lasted 331⁄2 days, during which they flogged themselves with thongs fitted with four iron points. ”
