Ben Jonson

“ COCK-A-HOOP, denoting unstinted jollity; thought to be derived from turning on the tap that all might drink to the full of the flowing liquor.
COCKATRICE, reptile supposed to be produced from a cock's egg and to kill by its eye -- used as a term of reproach for a woman. ”

“ PHLEGMA, watery distilled liquor (old chem. "water") .
PHRENETIC, madman.
PICARDIL, stiff upright collar fastened on to the coat (Whalley) .
PICT-HATCH, disreputable quarter of London.
PIECE, person, used for woman or girl; a gold coin worth in Jonson's time 20s. or 22s.
PIECES OF EIGHT, Spanish coin: piastre equal to eight reals.
PIED, variegated.
PIE-POUDRES (Fr. pied-poudreux, dusty-foot) , court held at fairs to administer justice to itinerant vendors and buyers.
PILCHER, term of contempt; one who wore a buff or leather jerkin, as did the serjeants of the counter; a pilferer. ”

“ VAPOUR (S) (n. and v.) , used affectedly, like "humour," in many senses, often very vaguely and freely ridiculed by Jonson; humour, disposition, whims, brag (ging) , hector (ing) , etc.
VARLET, bailiff, or serjeant-at-mace.
VAUT, vault.
VEER (naut.) , pay out.
VEGETAL, vegetable; person full of life and vigour. ”

“ CONVINCE, evince, prove; overcome, overpower; convict.
COP, head, top; tuft on head of birds; "a cop" may have reference to one or other meaning; Gifford and others interpret as "conical, terminating in a point." ”

“ GAVEL-KIND, name of a land-tenure existing chiefly in Kent; from 16th century often used to denote custom of dividing a deceased man's property equally among his sons (N.E.D.) .
GAZETTE, small Venetian coin worth about three-farthings.
GEANCE, jaunt, errand.
GEAR (GEER) , stuff, matter, affair.
GELID, frozen.
GEMONIES, steps from which the bodies of criminals were thrown into the river.
GENERAL, free, affable.
GENIUS, attendant spirit.
GENTRY, gentlemen; manners characteristic of gentry, good breeding. ”

“ KEMIA, vessel for distillation.
KIBE, chap, sore.
KILDERKIN, small barrel.
KILL, kiln.
KIND, nature; species; "do one's --," act according to one's nature.
KIRTLE, woman's gown of jacket and petticoat.
KISS OR DRINK AFORE ME, "this is a familiar expression, employed when what the speaker is just about to say is anticipated by another" (Gifford) . ”

“ BLAZE, (her.) blazon; publish abroad.
BLAZON, armorial bearings; fig. all that pertains to good birth and breeding.
BLIN, "withouten --," without ceasing.
BLOW, puff up.
BLUE, colour of servants' livery, hence "-- order," "-- waiters."
BLUSHET, blushing one.
BOB, jest, taunt.
BOB, beat, thump.
BODGE, measure.
BODKIN, dagger, or other short, pointed weapon; long pin with which the women fastened up their hair.
BOLT, roll (of material) .
BOLT, dislodge, rout out; sift (boulting-tub) .
BOLT'S-HEAD, long, straight-necked vessel for distillation.
BOMBARD SLOPS, padded, puffed-out breeches. ”

“ CRUSADO, Portuguese gold coin, marked with a cross.
CRY ("he that cried Italian") , "speak in a musical cadence," intone, or declaim (?) ; cry up.
CUCKING-STOOL, used for the ducking of scolds, etc.
CUCURBITE, a gourd-shaped vessel used for distillation.
CUERPO, "in --," in undress.
CULLICE, broth.
CULLION, base fellow, coward.
CULLISEN, badge worn on their arm by servants.
CULVERIN, kind of cannon.
CUNNING, skill.
CUNNING, skilful.
CUNNING-MAN, fortune-teller.
CURE, care for.
CURIOUS (LY) , scrupulous, particular; elaborate, elegant (ly) , dainty (ly) (hence "in curious") . ”

“ PREVENT, anticipate.
PRICE, worth, excellence.
PRICK, point, dot used in the writing of Hebrew and other languages.
PRICK, prick out, mark off, select; trace, track; "-- away," make off with speed.
PRIMERO, game of cards.
PRINCOX, pert boy.
PRINT, "in --," to the letter, exactly.
PRISTINATE, former.
PRIVATE, private interests.
PRIVATE, privy, intimate.
PROCLIVE, prone to.
PRODIGIOUS, monstrous, unnatural.
PRODIGY, monster.
PRODUCED, prolonged.
PROFESS, pretend.
PROJECTION, the throwing of the "powder of projection" into the crucible to turn the melted metal into gold or silver. ”

“ TRIPOLY, "come from --," able to perform feats of agility, a "jest nominal," depending on the first part of the word (Gifford) .
TRITE, worn, shabby.
TRIVIA, three-faced goddess (Hecate) .
TROJAN, familiar term for an equal or inferior; thief.
TROLL, sing loudly.
TROMP, trump, deceive.
TROPE, figure of speech.
TROW, think, believe, wonder.
TROWLE, troll.
TROWSES, breeches, drawers. ”

“ PEEVISH (LY) , foolish (ly) , capricious (ly) ; childish (ly) .
PELICAN, a retort fitted with tube or tubes, for continuous distillation.
PENCIL, small tuft of hair.
PERDUE, soldier accustomed to hazardous service.
PEREMPTORY, resolute, bold; imperious; thorough, utter, absolute (ly) .
PERIMETER, circumference of a figure.
PERIOD, limit, end.
PERK, perk up.
PERPETUANA, "this seems to be that glossy kind of stuff now called everlasting, and anciently worn by serjeants and other city officers" (Gifford) . ”

“ VIVELY, in lifelike manner, livelily.
VIZARD, mask.
VOGUE, rumour, gossip.
VOICE, vote.
VOID, leave, quit.
VOLARY, cage, aviary.
VOLLEY, "at --," "o' the volee," at random (from a term of tennis) .
VORLOFFE, furlough.
WADLOE, keeper of the Devil Tavern, where Jonson and his friends met in the 'Apollo' room (Whalley) .
WAIGHTS, waits, night musicians, "band of musical watchmen" (Webster) , or old form of "hautboys."
WANNION, "vengeance," "plague" (Nares) . ”

“ POMANDER, ball of perfume, worn or hung about the person to prevent infection, or for foppery.
POMMADO, vaulting on a horse without the aid of stirrups.
PONTIC, sour.
POPULAR, vulgar, of the populace.
POPULOUS, numerous.
PORT, gate; print of a deer's foot.
PORT, transport.
PORTAGUE, Portuguese gold coin, worth over 3 or 4 pounds.
PORTCULLIS, "-- of coin," some old coins have a portcullis stamped on their reverse (Whalley) . ”

“ SLOPS, large loose breeches.
SLOT, print of a stag's foot.
SLUR, put a slur on; cheat (by sliding a die in some way) .
SMELT, gull, simpleton.
SNORLE, "perhaps snarl, as Puppy is addressed" (Cunningham) .
SNOTTERIE, filth.
SNUFF, anger, resentment; "take in --," take offence at.
SNUFFERS, small open silver dishes for holding snuff, or receptacle for placing snuffers in (Halliwell) .
SOCK, shoe worn by comic actors.
SOD, seethe.
SOGGY, soaked, sodden.
SOIL, "take --," said of a hunted stag when he takes to the water for safety.
SOL, sou.
SOLDADOES, soldiers.
SOLICIT, rouse, excite to action. ”

“ PASS, care, trouble oneself.
PASSADO, fencing term: a thrust.
PASSAGE, game at dice.
PASSINGLY, exceedingly.
PASSION, effect caused by external agency.
PASSION, "in --," in so melancholy a tone, so pathetically.
PATOUN, (?) Fr. Paton, pellet of dough; perhaps the "moulding of the tobacco...for the pipe" (Gifford) ; (?) variant of Petun, South American name of tobacco.
PATRICO, the recorder, priest, orator of strolling beggars or gipsies.
PATTEN, shoe with wooden sole; "go --," keep step with, accompany. ”

“ BOTTOM, skein or ball of thread; vessel.
BOURD, jest.
BOVOLI, snails or cockles dressed in the Italian manner (Gifford) .
BOW-POT, flower vase or pot.
BOYS, "terrible --," "angry --," roystering young bucks. (See Nares) .
BRABBLES (BRABBLESH) , brawls.
BRACH, bitch.
BRADAMANTE, a heroine in "Orlando Furioso."
BRADLEY, ARTHUR OF, a lively character commemorated in ballads.
BRAKE, frame for confining a horse's feet while being shod, or strong curb or bridle; trap.
BRANCHED, with "detached sleeve ornaments, projecting from the shoulders of the gown" (Gifford) . ”

“ HOBBY-HORSE, imitation horse of some light material, fastened round the waist of the morrice-dancer, who imitated the movements of a skittish horse.
HODDY-DODDY, fool.
HOIDEN, hoyden, formerly applied to both sexes (ancient term for leveret? Gifford) .
HOLLAND, name of two famous chemists.
HONE AND HONERO, wailing expressions of lament or discontent.
HOOD-WINK'D, blindfolded.
HORARY, hourly.
HORN-MAD, stark mad (quibble) .
HORN-THUMB, cut-purses were in the habit of wearing a horn shield on the thumb.
HORSE-BREAD-EATING, horses were often fed on coarse bread. ”

“ EXHIBITION, allowance for keep, pocket-money.
EXORBITANT, exceeding limits of propriety or law, inordinate.
EXORNATION, ornament.
EXPECT, wait.
EXPIATE, terminate.
EXPLICATE, explain, unfold.
EXTEMPORAL, extempore, unpremeditated.
EXTRACTION, essence.
EXTRAORDINARY, employed for a special or temporary purpose.
EXTRUDE, expel.
EYE, "in --," in view.
EYEBRIGHT, (?) a malt liquor in which the herb of this name was infused, or a person who sold the same (Gifford) . ”

“ OBSERVER, one who shows deference, or waits upon another.
OBSTANCY, legal phrase, "juridical opposition."
OBSTREPEROUS, clamorous, vociferous.
OBSTUPEFACT, stupefied.
ODLING, (?) "must have some relation to tricking and cheating" (Nares) . ”

“ CALLOT, coif worn on the wigs of our judges or serjeants-at-law (Gifford) .
CALVERED, crimped, or sliced and pickled. (See Nares) .
CAMOUCCIO, wretch, knave.
CAMUSED, flat.
CAN, knows.
CANDLE-RENT, rent from house property.
CANDLE-WASTER, one who studies late.
CANTER, sturdy beggar.
CAP OF MAINTENCE, an insignia of dignity, a cap of state borne before kings at their coronation; also an heraldic term.
CAPABLE, able to comprehend, fit to receive instruction, impression. ”

“ TUMBREL-SLOP, loose, baggy breeches.
TURD, excrement.
TUSK, gnash the teeth (Century Dict.) .
TWIRE, peep, twinkle.
TWOPENNY ROOM, gallery.
TYRING-HOUSE, attiring-room.
ULENSPIEGEL. See Howleglass.
UMBRATILE, like or pertaining to a shadow.
UMBRE, brown dye.
UNBATED, unabated.
UNBORED, (?) excessively bored.
UNCARNATE, not fleshly, or of flesh.
UNCOUTH, strange, unusual.
UNDERTAKER, "one who undertook by his influence in the House of Commons to carry things agreeably to his Majesty's wishes" (Whalley) ; one who becomes surety for. ”

“ TRUNDLING CHEATS, term among gipsies and beggars for carts or coaches (Gifford) .
TRUNK, speaking-tube.
TRUSS, tie the tagged laces that fastened the breeches to the doublet.
TUBICINE, trumpeter.
TUCKET (Ital. toccato) , introductory flourish on the trumpet. ”

“ SLOPS, full breeches made of strips of different colour and material.
PAINFUL, diligent, painstaking.
PAINT, blush.
PALINODE, ode of recantation.
PALL, weaken, dim, make stale.
PALM, triumph.
PAN, skirt of dress or coat.
PANNEL, pad, or rough kind of saddle.
PANNIER-ALLY, inhabited by tripe-sellers.
PANNIER-MAN, hawker; a man employed about the inns of court to bring in provisions, set the table, etc. ”

“ RONDEL, "a round mark in the score of a public-house" (Nares) ; roundel.
ROOK, sharper; fool, dupe.
ROSAKER, similar to ratsbane.
ROSA-SOLIS, a spiced spirituous liquor.
ROSES, rosettes.
ROUND, "gentlemen of the --," officers of inferior rank.
ROUND TRUNKS, trunk hose, short loose breeches reaching almost or quite to the knees. ”

“ MOCCINIGO, small Venetian coin, worth about ninepence.
MODERN, in the mode; ordinary, commonplace.
MOMENT, force or influence of value.
MONTANTO, upward stroke.
MONTH'S MIND, violent desire.
MOORISH, like a moor or waste.
MORGLAY, sword of Bevis of Southampton.
MORRICE-DANCE, dance on May Day, etc., in which certain personages were represented.
MORTALITY, death. ”

“ RUSSET, homespun cloth of neutral or reddish-brown colour.
SACK, loose, flowing gown.
SADLY, seriously, with gravity.
SAD (NESS) , sober, serious (ness) .
SAFFI, bailiffs.
ST. THOMAS A WATERINGS, place in Surrey where criminals were executed.
SAKER, small piece of ordnance.
SALT, leap.
SALT, lascivious.
SAMPSUCHINE, sweet marjoram.
SARABAND, a slow dance.
SATURNALS, began December 17.
SAUCINESS, presumption, insolence.
SAUCY, bold, impudent, wanton.
SAUNA (Lat.) , a gesture of contempt.
SAVOUR, perceive; gratify, please; to partake of the nature. ”

“ PLANET, "struck with a --," planets were supposed to have powers of blasting or exercising secret influences.
PLAUSIBLE, pleasing.
PLAUSIBLY, approvingly.
PLOT, plan.
PLY, apply oneself to.
POESIE, posy, motto inside a ring.
POINT IN HIS DEVICE, exact in every particular.
POINTS, tagged laces or cords for fastening the breeches to the doublet.
POINT-TRUSSER, one who trussed (tied) his master's points (q.v.) .
POISE, weigh, balance. ”

“ METHEGLIN, fermented liquor, of which one ingredient was honey.
METOPOSCOPY, study of physiognomy.
MIDDLING GOSSIP, go-between.
MIGNIARD, dainty, delicate.
MILE-END, training-ground of the city.
MINE-MEN, sappers.
MINION, form of cannon.
MINSITIVE, (?) mincing, affected (N.E.D.) .
MISCELLANY MADAM, "a female trader in miscellaneous articles; a dealer in trinkets or ornaments of various kinds, such as kept shops in the New Exchange" (Nares) . ”