Peter Percival

“ The name of a barbarian country, One of the fifty-six enumerated by the Hindoos.
కిరాతుడు kiratuoiu, s. Any individual of the race of savages, found in the hills in India, .who wear the feathers of the peacock as an ornament in their heads. ”

“ To come into one's enjoyment, possession, or reach. 2. To be found, to be obtained. This verb governs the dative case; as ఈ అన్యాయార్జితమైన ద్రవ్యము వానికబ్బదు ianyayarjitamaina dravyamu vanikabbadu, This money, procured by unjust means, will not be enjoyed by him. ”

“ To live, exist, or subsist. 2. To survive. 3. To be delivered, or saved, s. vide బతుకు, బ్రతుకుదెరవు batuku, bratukuderavu, The means of livelihood. బ్రతికించు bratikintsu, v. a. To restore, or save, life j to resuscitate, or revive ; to save, or deliver from danger. 2. To support, maintain, or nourish.
బ్రహ్మ brahma, s. Bramha, the first deity of the Hindoo triad, and the operative creator of the world. ”

“ A man of no consequence.
అనామిక anamika, s. The finger next to the little one.
అనావృష్టి anavrishti, s. A failure of rain; drought.
అనాసపండు anasapandu, s. A pine apple.
అని ani, s. Battle ; war ; fight,
అని ani, The past verbal participle of the v. అను anu.
అను anu, to say. This word is of very frequent occurrence in Telugu. When the speaker states what an-other has said, he does not, as in English, use the infinitive mood, but repeats the words of the original speaker, adding అని ani, thus he told me to write would, in Telugu, he rendered నన్నువ్రాయుమని చెప్పెను. ”

“ A male of the caste of tank diggers. The female is termed ఉప్పరది upparacli, They are employed in digging tanks or wells, repairing water channels and raising embankments* and are said to be descended from a Soodra man and Soodra woman, united by the marriage termed Rachasa, where the female is forcibly seized after the destruction of her relatives, or captured m war. ”

“ To go ; to go off, or away ; to proceed. 2. To be lost, to disappear. 3- To die. The present, perfect, and aorist tenses of this verb, may be affixed, as auxiliaries, to the infinitive of any verb, to give it a future signification, as వ్రాయబోచున్నాను vrayabotsunnanu, I am going to write. కొంచు, కొంచ-పోవు kontsu, kontsa-povu, v. a. To carry away, or off. పోయిన poyina, Relative past participle. Gone, lost, past, dead. పోయినవారము poyinavaramu, Last week. ఒకస్త్రీతోబోవు okastritobovu, To go, or cohabit, with a woman. ”

“ Crops cultivated without artificial irrigation, commonly termed the dry crop.
పుంజు pundzu, s. A cock.
పుండు pundu, s. Making in the inflex. Sing. పుంటి punti, And in the nom. plu. పుండ్లు pundlu, An nicer, bile, or sore, రచపుండు ratsapundu, The large, or rajah, bile or sore, which rises on the back, and affects the spine, so as to be deemed mortal by the Hindoos. పుండుచేయు punducheyu, To raise a blister. ”

“ To break, or tear, as applied to ropes, threads, &c, or to the artificial holes bored in the ear or nose for ornaments. తాడుతెంచు tadutentsu, To break a rope, or string; figuratively, this phrase denotes either to ruin a person, to destroy every support he may have, or, apj.-l.ed to females, to become a widow, from the custom, on a husband's death, of breaking the string which ties the తాలిబొట్టు talibottu, q. V.
తెండు tendu, v. n. To sleep.
తెంపు tempu, s. Bravery, daring. 2. Liberality. 3. A breaking, vide తెంచు-తెంపరి tentsu-tempari, 5. A brave or liberal person. ”

“ The crime has been laden upon him. నేరస్థుడు nerasthudu, A criminal, culprit, or offender.
నేరుచు, నేర్చు nerutsu, nertsu, v. a. To learn. The affirmative and negative aorists of this verb are added to other infinitives, as auxiliaries, to denote the possession, or want of power or ability. I can, &c. I cannot, &c.
నేర్చికొను, నేర్చుకొను nerchikonu, nertsukonu, v. Gomp. To learn, or acquire knowledge. నేర్పు nerpu, v. Gaus. To teach, to instruct, s. Skill, knowledge, information. 2. Dexterity, ability. 3. Contrivance. 4. Merit. నేరుపరి, నేర్పరి nerupari, nerpari, A clever person. ”

“ A man who is not fit or worthy to sit with others to eat. అప్రియము apriyamu, adj. Hated ; disagreeable.
అబందర abandara, adj. Without order, irregular, imprudent.
అబంసుబము abanisubamu, s. Good and evil; as ఆపిల్లకాయ అబంసుబ మెఱుగడు apillakaya abamsubamerrugadu, That lad does not know good and evil. ”

“ The meaning of this word, in Telugu, is quite different from what it has in Sanskrit.
జకేరా dzakera, s. A store, or hoard.
జక్కవ dzakkava, s. The ruddy goose. జక్కవకవవిప్పు dzakka vaka vavippu, The moon ; because this bird is said never to couple during moon- light. జక్కవలమేలు dzakkavalamelu, The sun ; as favorable to this bird.
జక్కి dzakki, s. A horse.
జక్కించు dzakkintsu, v. a. To be in error, or in fault.
జక్కిని dzakkini, s. A married female, who dies during -her husband's life-time. ”

“ The son of a mother's brother, or of a father's sister, if older than one's self. 2. A man's brother in law, if older than one's-self. 3. A woman's brother inlaw, if older than her husband, vide మఱది, బావమరిది marradi, bavamaridi, A man's brother in law, either older, or younger, than himself.
బావి bavi, s. A well.
బావిలీగొలుసు baviligolusu, s. A gold chain, suspended as an ornament from the tip of the ear. It is worn by men only. ”

“ Illness, sickness, weakness.
నలుగు nalugu, s. The act of rubbing the body with the flour of green gram, Phaseolus radiatus, in order to cleanse and purify the skin. v. n. To be bruised, or crushed. 2. To be weak from sickness. 3. To be withered. ”

“ Buying, purchase, 2. price, value.
క్రాయకుడు krayakudu, s. A purchaser, a buyer. క్రయవిక్రయము krayavikrayamu, Trade, traffic, lit. Buying and selling.
క్రాలు kralu, v. n. To shine, to sparkle.
క్రాల్గంటి kralganti, s. lit. The sparkling-eyed. A woman. ”

“ Darkness- నిద్రమబ్బు nidramabbu, Drowsiness, or heaviness.
మమత, మమకారము mamata, maraakaramu, s. The interest, or affection, entertained for other objects, from considering them as belonging to, or connected with, one's- self. మయము mayamu , This is a Sanskrit affix, ; which serves to iorm adjectives, attributive of that of which a thing is chiefly made, or consists ; as స్వర్ణమయము svariiamayamu, Golden. తృణమయము trinamayamU; Made of grass. ”

“ Andhra, the- Sanskrit name for the Telugu language, ఆంధ్రదేశము andhradesamu, Telingana. This country seems formerly to have been divided into the Calinga and Andhra provinces. The latter was an inland subdivision to the south of the Godavery, and the people! are described by Pliny as a superior race of men.
ఆకట akata, adv. Afterwards.
ఆకడ akada, adv. vide అక్కడ akkada.
ఆకట్టు akattu. v. a. To prevent, to hinder, to stop.
ఆకతాయ akataya, s. A person void of principle ; a wicked person ; an insignificant fellow. ”

“ To retire from a superior enemy: to retreat.
అయిదువ aiduva, s. A married woman, whose husband is alive. అయిదువతనము aiduvatanamu, s. The state of a married woman ; in op- position to widow-hood.
అయిదువరాలు aiduvaralu, s. vide అయిదువ aiduva.
అయిన aina, The past relative participle of the verb అవు avu, To become. Lit. That became. It is affixed to nouns of quality to convert them into adjectives ”

“ Abundance, excess.
ఉఱి urn, An affix denoting possession ; as బలముఱి balamurri, strong, from బలము balanin, strength.
ఉఱిమిచూచు urrimitsutsu, v. a. To look earnestly, steadfastly, or se- verely, in consequence of anger.
ఉఱియ urriya, s. A brave man.
ఉఱియు urriyu, v. n. To leak ; to drop through.
ఉఱు urru, v. n. To be fit. 2- To retreat ; to retire, or withdraw: v. a. To regard, honor, or esteem.
ఉఱుకు urruku, v. n. To run. 2. To jump ; to vault. ఉఱుకుడుగప్ప urru kudugappa, s. A species of frog which is constantly in motion. ఉఱుకుబొడ్డు urrukuboddu,A navel which protrudes from the belly. ”

“ To rise, as joy; which is often figuratively represented, by Telugu authors, as rising, like sap in a tree.
చిప్పెము chippemu, s. vide చిప్పము chippamu.
చిప్పెవాడు chippevadu, 5. A tailor, This, caste, among the Hindoos, is said to be descended from a female chuokler, by a brahman. ”

“ A goblin g, ghost, or malignant spirit, haunting cemeteries, lurking in trees, animating carcases, and deluding, or devouring, human beings. adj. Been, become, gone, past. భూతకాలము bhutakalamu, ' The past, or perfect, tense of the verb. ”

“ A species of winged ant which flies to the light, generally in the evening, after rain. It is easily caught in swarms, and being deprived of its wings, is fried and eaten by the fc lower classes of Hindoos, who esteem it a delicacy. ”

“ To blow a fire with the breath, or with a bellows. 3. To blow out a light. The natives seldom extinguish a light with the breath, because fire is deemed a minor divinity. 4. To blow or 'sound any wind instrument. 5. To lean upon. v. n. To be sweln. ఊదువాద్దెము uduvaddemu, A wind instrument. ఊదించు udintsu, v. Caus. To cause to blow, as above. ఊదిపోవు udipovu, To be swoln. 2. To be puffed with wind, ఊదినవెండి udinavendi, Eure silver. ”

“ Any person whose head is bald, or has been shaven; as a Hindoo widow, or some of their religious mendicants. 2. vide బోణి boni, No. 1. బోడించు, బోడిచేయు bodintsu, bodicheyu, To sbave. బోడియెద్దు, bodiyeddu, A bullock, without horns. బోడిమిద్దె boclimidde, AJiouse, without an upper story.
బోణి boni, s. A tender bodied female; as. పూబోణి puboni. A female whose body is as tender as flowers. 2. The payment of ready money, by the first customer who bargains in the course of a day, with any shop-keeper. ”

“ Brightness, pellucidness, clearness, purhty, ప్రసన్నము prasannamu, adj. Clear, transparent, clean, bright, pellucid. 2. Pleased, delighted, complacent, gracious, favorable.
ప్రసవము prasavamu, s. The bringing forth, or bearing, young. 2. A flower, or blossom. 3. Birth, production. 4. Offspring, posterity. ప్రసవపునొప్పులు prasavapunoppulu, The pains of child-birth. ప్రసవించు prasavintsu, To brign forth a child.
ప్రసాదము prasadamu, s. Clearness, cleanness, brightness. 2. Favor, kindness, propitiousness. 3. Well-being, welfare. 4. Food offered to the deity, or to a Guru. ”

“ As వచ్చేవాడనైయుంటిని vachche vadanai untini, I was about to come.
అయితే aite, The conditional form of the verb అవు avu, To become, used as a conjunction to express condition, and corresponding with the English terms if, suppose it were so, but. When added to the past relative participle of any verb, ట్టు ttu, is inserted, and it then expresses the conditional form of the verb to which it is thus affixed. చేసినట్టయితే chesinattaite, If I, thou, he, sho, it, we you, or they do. ”

“ To give lands on cowl, means to grant them on special agreement. In the districts of Beliari and Cuddapah, this expression is applied to waste, granted on favorable terms for a certain number of years, and afterwards subjected to full rent. కవ్వడి kavvadi, s. A name of Arjuna, కవ్వడిచెలి kawadiclieli, Krishna, because he was the friend of Arjuna. ”

“ The soul. 2. Bramha, the supreme deity, and soul of the universe. 3. The body. 4. The understanding, the intellect. 5. The mind, or faculty of reason. 6. Life, spirit, the vivifying soul, in opposition to the sentient one. 7. Self, the abstract individual. ”

“ This verb is used impersonally, with the dative case, and denotes, To come into, or remain in, one's possession. 2. To be preserved. 3. To be digested.
దక్కించుకొను dakkintsukonu, v. Comp. To obtain, take, or retain possession. 2. To appropriate to one's-self what belongs to others. 3. To preserve, or defend, what is one's own. ”

“ Making in the nom. iage; a wedding.
పెండ్లాడు, పెండ్లి చేసుకొను pendladu, pendlichesukonu, To wed, or marry, as applied to a hasband or wife only. పెండ్లిచేయు pendlicheyu> To marry, or unite a husband and wife, as applied to their relations; to celebrate a marriage. ”

“ To push violently ; to thrust out. పెంటనూకు pentanuku, To sweep away the dust, or dirt.
నూగారు nugaru, s. A line- of hair, from the navel to the breast.
నూగు nugu, s. A sort of dust, which covers the grain of the great millet. Holcus saccharatus. ”

“ A model. మచ్చులగుది matstsulagudi, A string* of little samples of gold, of different degrees of ascertained purity, by comparison with which the purity of other gold is defined. మచ్చుపొడి matstsupodi, s. An enchanting powder, which allures the person on whom it is thrown to follow the person who throws it. మచ్చుపొడి, మచ్చు-చల్లు matstsupodi, matstsu- tsallu, To sprinkle that powder. ”

“ Absolute or indispensably necessary మరణము అందరికిఅవశ్యము maranamuandarikiavasyamu, Death is to all a matter of absolute necessity, అది నాకుఅవశ్యమైనది adinaku avasyamainadi, That is indispensably necessary to me. ”

“ To be, come fat, or proud.
కావలయు kavalayu, v. n, This is a compound verb, formed of కా ka, The infinitive of అవు avn, q. v. And వలయు valayu, q. v. Used impersonally, wdtkout a nominative, and governing the dative case, it denotes. To wish, want, or desire. 2. To be requisite or necessary. అదినాకు కావలెను adinakukavalenu, I want that. నెలకుపదివరాలు కావలెను nelaku padivaralu kavalenu, It will require ten pagodas per month. But if used with a nominative governing it, it denotes-To stand in relationship : to be connected by blood, or marriage. ”

“ A coarse net work, made of rope or rattan, in which pots and other vessels are suspended from the beams of a house, or from a stick thrown across the shoulder, by which they are carried about, ఉట్టిపడు uttipadu, v. n. To fcome, or nappen. suddenly, or accidentally.
ఉట్టు ufctu, 5. Ground fit for the cultivation of salt. On the coast, salt is cultivated riot manufactured. Brackish water, communicating with the sea, is introduced upon a peculiar salt soil, previously prepared, and after evaporation by the sun, the salt remains crys- tallized on the surface. ”

“ A woman.
నాధుడు nathudn, s. A husband, master, or lord.
నాదము nadamu, s. Sound in general. నాదించు nadintsu, To sound.
నాదారు nadaru, adj. lit. Not possessing. Poor, helpless, weak. v. n. To be poor, helpless, or weak. ”

“ The origin of this tribe is traced to the progeny of a Soodra man, by a woman of the Rajah, or 2d pure Hindoo caste.
గమ్యము gamyamu, adj. Accessible, attainable.
గయాళి gayali, s. A very wicked or crafty female.
గయాళు gayalu, s. Land unfit for cultivation. గర gara, adj. Rough, rugged. ”

“ A dagger, with a handle which runs up the arm, on each side, when it is seized by the hand.
కటాక్షము katakshamu, s. A glance or side look. 2. Favor, regard, compassion, kindness. 3. Protection. In Telugu it is used chiefly in its second meaning.
కటాక్షించు katakshintsu, v. a. To favor, or regard.
కటి kati, s. The hip or buttock. కటిసూత్రము katisiitramu, s. The small string tied round a Hindoo's waist, whence is suspended the bit of cloth which covers the privities. ”