Procyon

Definition and stakes

Portrait of William Tyler Olcott William Tyler Olcott,  A Field Book of the Stars

“ The first half of the month of April can be called the most brilliant sidereal period of the year. At this time eleven first-magnitude stars are visible in this latitude at 9 p.m. From east to west they are: Vega, Arcturus, Spica, Regulus, Pollux, Procyon, Sirius, Capella, Aldebaran, Betelgeuze, and Rigel, truly a glorious company, an incomparable sight. ”
Source: Gutenberg

Arthur Stanley Eddington,  1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, Volume 25… (1911)

“ The former are often called “Orion” stars, as all the brighter stars in that constellation with the exception of Betelgeux belong to the helium type. Helium stars are generally considered to be the hottest and most luminous (in proportion to size) of all the stars. Type II. is now subdivided into “Procyon,” “Solar” and “Arcturian” stars. The “Procyon” or calcium stars form a transition between Type I. and Type II. proper, and show the lines of calcium besides those of hydrogen. ”
Source: Wikisource

Portrait of C. V. L. Charlier C. V. L. Charlier,  Lectures on Stellar Statistics

“ We shall, indeed, find that the mean proper motion of the stars down to the 6th magnitude scarcely amounts to a tenth part of this value. On the other hand we find from the table that the high value of this mean is chiefly due to the influence of four of the stars which have a large proper motion, namely Sirius, Arcturus, α Centauri and Procyon. The other stars have a proper motion smaller than 1′′ per year and for half the number of stars the proper motion amounts to approximately 0′′.05, indicating their relatively great distance. ”
Source: Gutenberg

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