Rolls

“ In the case of plate-rolls, which are plain cylinders, this setting down must be equal at each end. The mass of the top roll is balanced, to avoid shock when a plate is entering. The rolls are made of cast iron, and are either grain rolls or chilled rolls. The first are formed from a tough strong grade of iron, the quality which is used for all the roughing down and general work. ”

“ The roller takes as much tea as he can cover with both his hands, and places it on the mat in a sort of ball. He keeps them closely together, and rolls them from right to left; this motion gives each leaf a twist on itself, and rolls it so firmly that it retains the shape when dry. ”

“ In addition to the eight rolls of paper already mentioned eight other rolls are in position, so that when any of the rolls run out the roll-carrier may be turned on a turntable, and the new roll of paper quickly pasted to the end of the depleted roll. ”

“ Desk to support a roll while it is being read.
When books (codices) , of a shape similar to that with which [37] modern librarians have to deal, had to be accommodated as well as rolls, it is manifest that rectangular spaces not more than a few inches wide would be singularly inconvenient. They were therefore discarded in favour of a press (armarium) , a piece of furniture which would hold rolls (volumina) as well as books (codices) , and was in fact, as I shall shew, used for both purposes. ”

“ Fig. 47 gives a very life-like view of the interior of a rollingmill as constructed about the year 1855. It will be noted that the "trains of rolls" are all "two-high," and that the building is evidently constructed of wood; and the large number of men employed is also a conspicuous feature. To those at all familiar
Fig. 47.—Interior of a Rolling-Mill (1855) . ”

“ Roll′ing, modulating: moving on wheels: making a continuous sound.—ns. Roll′ing-mill, a place in which metal is made into sheets, bars, rails, or rods, by working it between pairs of rolls: a machine for rolling metal, &c., into any required form, or for crushing materials between rollers; Roll′ing-pin, a cylindrical piece of wood for rolling dough, paste, &c. to any required thickness; Roll′ing-press, a press of two cylinders for rolling or calendering cloth; Roll′ing-stock, the stock or store of locomotive-engines, carriages, &c. of a railway ”

“ Pieces which vary materially in cross section from point to point in their length cannot well be made by rolling, because the cross section of the piece as it emerges from the rolls is necessarily that of the aperture between the rolls from which it is emerging, and this aperture is naturally of constant size because the rolls are cylindrical. ”

“ When he had finished reading he rolled it back upon the umbilīcus, usually holding it under the chin and turning the cornua with both hands. In the case of a long roll this turning backward and forward took much time and patience and must have sadly soiled and damaged the roll itself. The early rolls were always long and heavy. There was theoretically no limit to the number of sheets that might be glued together, and consequently none to the size or length of the roll. ”

“ Never you mind!
Roll on!
Roll on, thou ball, roll on!
Through seas of inky air
Roll on!
It's true I've got no shirts to wear;
It's true my butcher's bill is due;
It's true my prospects all look blue—
But don't let that unsettle you!
Never you mind!
Roll on!
(It rolls on.) ”

“ In the Report also of the Select Committee of the House of Commons, in the Year 1800, upon the Subject of the Public Records, it is stated, that many Statutes and Ordinances in the Rolls of Parliament are not inserted in the Printed Statute Books; And it is certain that many Acts and Matters not found on any Statute Roll, nor contained in any printed Editions of the Statutes, are found on the Parliament Rolls, which appear to have received the threefold Assent of King, Lords, and Commons, or to have such Qualities, as have been allowed by Courts of Law to imply that Assent. ”

“ Hellas
THE world's great age begins anew,
The golden years return,
The earth doth like a snake renew
Her winter weeds outworn;
Heaven smiles, and faiths and empires gleam
Like wrecks of a dissolving dream.
A brighter Hellas rears its mountains
From waves serener far;
A new Peneus rolls his fountains
Against the morning star;
Where fairer Tempes bloom, there sleep
Young Cyclads on a sunnier deep. ”

“ R. 105.—This grant is very specially worded; they are not called Masters of the Rolls, hut Keepers and Guardians of the Rolls, records, filacers' books, and other writings pertaining to the keeping of the Master of the Rolls' office, until his Majesty's pleasure he further known touching the said office of the Master of the Rolls, with all fees, salaries, &c.; there is no clause for the ministration of justice. There is a recital that the patent to the Duke of Leinster was revoked on the 19 June, in pursuance of a warrant upon his Majesty's Letters. ”

“ Inrollments of Acts of Parliament.—These are Records, containing the Acts of Parliament certified and delivered into Chancery. They are preserved in the Chapel of the Rolls, in an uninterrupted Series from 1 Ric. III. to the present Time; except only during the Usurpation. By the Officers of Chancery they are commonly termed “Parliament Rolls;” and they are variously endorsed, some with the Phrase “Inrollments of Acts.” [8] From 1 Ric. III. to 3 Car. I. inclusive, they comprehend several other Proceedings of Parliament besides the Acts inrolled ”

“ Although we have no details of the roll train used in this mill, it is fair to assume that, as its designers were Welshmen, they followed as closely as possible the practice with which they were familiar. Fig. 45 is an elevation of a train of rolls such as was in common use in England and Wales at the beginning of this century for rolling square and flat bar iron. In this figure, a is the foundation sill of the mill. ”

“ During his long practice at the rolls court his mind had become a veritable storehouse of case law, and on the bench he showed that he possessed the firm grasp of principle and the fine faculty of discrimination, without which precedents are a hindrance rather than a help in the administration of justice. ”

“ In this Report they stated, that previous to the Year 1715 the Original Acts, and the Transcripts of them from Parliament into Chancery, were lodged at the Rolls Office; and that subsequent to that Period the Acts and Transcripts were lodged in the Parliament Office: and they expressed their Opinion, that all Original Acts ought to be kept in the Parliament Office; and that Transcripts, duly certified by the Clerk of the Parliament, and returned on Writs of Certiorari, ought to be lodged in the Rolls Office ”

“ The first of these roller mills is shown in pat. No. 182,250, to Wegmann, Sept. 12, 1876. (See Fig. 164) . The outer rolls d e are pressed against the inner ones a c by a system of weighted levers, and scrapers below remove the crushed grain from the periphery of the rolls. Many subsequent [231] improvements have been made, one type of which employs a succession of rolls which act in pairs on the grain one after the other and reduce it by successive gradations.
FIG. 165.—MIDDLINGS PURIFIER.
The middlings purifier, see Fig. ”

“ Every modern correction of Irish administration or judicial practice, clearly exhibits ancient and inveterate abuse. The legal tenure of a Master of the Rolls is admitted by the repealing statute to be during pleasure, and the Sovereign enabled to give the possessor proper judicial permanence. ”

“ Some interesting particulars as to the last years of Bruce are furnished by the Exchequer Rolls of Scotland. Enfeebled by disease he had to trust the chief conduct of the war to the young leaders he had trained, Randolph and Douglas, and he spent most of his time at Cardross, which he had acquired in 1326. He employed it in enlarging the castle, repairing the park walls, and ornamenting the garden, in the amusement of hawking, and the exercise of the royal virtues of hospitality and charity. Like other kings he kept a fool. A lion was his favourite pet, shipbuilding his favourite diversion. ”

“ It is vouched throughout by reference to original Petitions and Rolls of Parliament, from 4 Edward III. the earliest known to the Writer to exist, to 27 Hen. VI. In this Treatise, the Form and Validity of Ordinances, as distinguished from Statutes, are stated much at length; and amongst other Things it is asserted that an Ordinance cannot make New or Permanent Law, nor repeal any Statute, but that temporary Provisions, consistent with the Law in force, may be made by way of Ordinance; and that an Ordinance may be repealed by a subsequent Ordinance without Statute. See Rot. Parl. ”

“ Original Acts.—4. Rolls of Parliament.—5. Close, Patent, Fine, and Charter Rolls.—6. Entries and Books of Record.—7. Books and Manuscripts not of Record.—And finally, 8. The Printed Copies; the earliest of which was not published until more than two hundred Years subsequent to the present Commencement of the Statute Rolls.
The following Reasons for Preference among Manuscripts not of Record have been adopted: 1. Their professing to be Authentic Copies from any Records, Exemplifications, or Transcripts: 2. Their Age; the oldest being on the whole the most worthy of Credit: 3. ”

“ Wherefore we wool and command you, and every of you, not only to accept and esteem him as thereto appertaineth, and that ye the Master of our Rolls, deliver unto him our Great Seal, being now in your custody, but also ye our Deputy, permit and suffer him to enjoy the same roume, with all commodities, and preeminencies thereto belonging, and especially the nomination and disposition of such benefices of our gift as be under the yearly value of 20 marks Irish, as ye tender our pleasure, and will avoid the contrary. ”

“ Cromwell's rolls commence in 1655, from which time or from the Restoration the lists will be found regular.
Many of the patents are continuations, renewals, or amendments of former grants. The number of Judges in each Court was very uncertain. Edward II. being informed that there were more justices appointed than there ought to be in the King's Bench in Ireland, issued writs to discharge and remove all but three of the most sufficient of them, yet until the reign of Elizabeth two would appear to have been the usual number in the King's Bench and Exchequer. ”

“ In the earlier English Editions a Translation was inserted, in the same Form: But in several Editions, since 1618, they have been printed in English, in a different Form, agreeing, so far as relates to the Acts printed, with the Inrollment in Chancery at the Chapel of the Rolls. The Petitions and Bills in Parliament, during these two Reigns, are all in English.
The Statutes of Hen. VII. have always, it is believed, been published in English; but there are Manuscripts containing the Statutes of the first Two Parliaments, in his First and Third Year, in French [18] . ”

“ Leger, Knt., late Master of the Rolls, the King granted him a license to leave his place, and make his abode in England, and for supply of that office made choice of Sir Francis Aungier, Knt., a counsellor at law in England, and sent him to Ireland, requiring the Lord Deputy immediately upon his arrival to pass patent to him of that office, with all such fees, portcorn, house-rent, allowance for heeves, with such allowance for transportations as was formerly made to Sir Anthony St. ”

“ There were cabinets inlaid with silver and pearl, and elegant cameos and mosaics, and a profusion of other such articles, all of which Rollo had very little time to examine, as the schloss-vogt led the party forward from one room to another without much delay.
The rooms themselves, in respect to form and arrangement, were almost as curious as the articles which they contained. Every one seemed different from the rest. You were constantly coming into the strangest and most unexpected places. ”

“ George led the way, and Rollo followed to one side of the arena, where they could sit down on a large, flat stone, which seemed to have been an ancient step. They were over-shadowed where they sat by piers and arches, and by the masses of weeds and shrubbery that were growing on the mouldering summits of them, and waving in the wind. ”

“ THE PRINCIPLES OF ORDER.
“Father,” said Rollo, at the dinner-table, “do you think it will rain all the afternoon?”
“It looks like it,” replied his father, “but why? Do you not enjoy yourselves in the house?”
“O yes, sir,” said Rollo, “we have had a fine time this morning; but Lucy and I thought that, if it did not rain this afternoon, we might go out in the garden a little.”
“It may clear up towards night; but, if it does, I think it would be better to go down to the brook and see the freshet, than to go into the garden.”
“The freshet? Will there be a freshet, do you think?” ”

“ Still orange-hot, the blooms find their way to the rolling mill, where they go dashing back and forth upon rollers and between rollers—the latter working in pairs like the rollers of large wringers, squeezing the blooms, in their successive passages, to greater length and greater thinness, until at last they take the form of long, red, glowing rails ”

“ And I answered, I see a flying roll; the length thereof is twenty cubits, and the breadth ten cubits. Then said he unto me, This is the curse that goeth forth over the face of the whole land: for every one that stealeth shall be cut off on the one side according to it; and every one that sweareth shall be cut off on the other side according to it. ”