Bracket

“ Diagonal bracing in the frame-work of a building is never seen. Sometimes, however, the uprights in a weak frame are supported by braces running from the ground at an acute angle, and held in place by wooden pins (fig. 13) . Outside diagonal braces are sometimes met with as an ornamental feature. In the province of Ise one often sees a brace or bracket made out of an unhewn piece of timber, generally the proximal portion of some big branch. This is fastened to an upright, and appears to be a brace to hold up the end of a horizontal beam that projects beyond the eaves. ”

“ For the outside forward bracket start as for the outside forward circle, but begin immediately to flatten the shoulders with the print. Just before the bracket bring the balance foot, which has been carried behind, past the skating foot, close to it and glance momentarily at the place where the bracket is to be located. At the bracket the body should be flat with the circle, the balance on the forward part of the blade and strongly leaning toward the centre of the circle. ”

“ Brackets.—When a pillow block has to be fixed to a wall or column a bracket such as that shown in figs. 27 and 28 may be used. The pillow block rests between the joggles A A, and is bolted down to the bracket and secured in addition with keys at the ends of the base of the block, in the same [Pg 34] manner as is shown, for the attachment of the bracket to the column. ”

“ Baker himself, when in a public lecture he assured his audience that half a dozen of our ponderous modern ironclads might be hung from the cantilevers. Everyone knows that a bracket requires to be strongest nearest the base, and the lower steel arms that stretch out 680 feet each diminish in diameter until at the end it has decreased to five feet, and the pairs approach each until, from being 120 feet apart at the base, they are only 33 feet apart at the ends. ”

“ The tools needed will be a flat and a round nosed pair of pincers, or pliers (see Figs. 1 and 2) , a wire-cutter, and a tack-hammer. You will also need a sheet of smooth brown paper, and a soft lead-pencil with which to draw the patterns.
A Bird-cage Bracket
Begin by making simple things; then as you succeed in producing good work you will be able to take up the more difficult patterns. A bird-cage bracket is an easy object to [126] start with. Enlarge the design shown in Fig. 3 so that it will be sixteen inches high, with the hook-arm projecting seven inches from the main upright rod. ”

“ The small bracket at the left of the hinge is equipped with a set screw, which holds the pole rigid, while the right-hand bracket is provided with a large opening through which the pole slides with the opening of door. Portières are usually made to just clear the floor, and should be suspended from rings which traverse freely on the poles. Appliqués look best on plain materials. Materials with prominent patterns are better without them. ”

“ Here is an example: http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Page:The_Works_of_the_Rev._Jonathan_Swift,_Volume_7.djvu/168. I've been including the bracket in the transcription, mainly because I bothered to learn how. :-) However, I am not satisfied with the look (I don't like the space between the body and the tail -- and the 4-line bracket is worse) , and I'm not sure that it's really necessary or desired in the final version. What do you think? Leave the brackets in? Can you improve my coding so that the bracket is smooth? ”

“ B is the hollow roller, one end of which is pivoted to the bracket, C, and the other end of which revolves upon the shaft, D, that carries the coiled spring, and the projecting end of which is secured in the jaws of the bracket, E, so that, by drawing down the shade, A, and thus revolving the roller, B, the coiled spring may be wound closer around the shaft. ”

“ A little iron bracket, which is carried for the purpose, is clipped on to the leg which has sunk near its top and on to it is hung a pair of pulley blocks—one of those little contrivances which everyone has seen at some time or another by which one man pulling a chain quickly can raise, although slowly, a heavy load. By this means the end of the transome is raised until it is horizontal and the legs have assumed an upright posture, when the transome is refastened to the leg in its new position. ”

“ The bracket not only holds the graduates securely, but allows them to drain perfectly and prevents dust settling on the inside, as they are suspended by the base. Holes of different size are cut in the board to accommodate large, medium and small graduates. ”

“ It is in the form of a bracket or knee adjustably attached to the post, which has in its upper surface a V into which round pieces of almost any size can be fastened, so that the drill will pass through it diametrically. It is not only useful in making holes through round bars, but straight through bosses and collars as well. ”

“ Fig. 13.—Outside Braces. In the village of Naruge, in Yamato, I noticed in an old inn a diagonal brace which made a pleasing ornamental feature to a solid frame-work, upon which rested a ponderous supplementary roof, heavily tiled. As the horizontal beams were supported by uprights beyond the ends of the brackets, no additional strength was gained by these braces in question, except as they might prevent fore and aft displacement. ”

“ A boy can take orders for these signs in almost any city or large town with a little canvassing. The sign supporting bracket shown is merely a suggestion. Other designs may be wrought out in endless variety. A hook or eye is needed to sustain the ring in the sign.
The young man who undertakes to construct any sort of bracket, supports, frames or the like, will find that he will get many orders for lamp-supporting contrivances, such as shown at Fig. ”

“ The roller is cut to be one and a-half inches longer over all than the width of the cloth, and is mounted to allow the same play at each side, though in special cases this rule may be departed from, and a smaller allowance for play will sometimes work quite freely if hung perfectly true. It is customary to allow only one inch difference between cloth and roller for inside brackets, as they are usually made narrower than those for outside brackets, and, the bracket being much smaller, they work freely with the smaller allowance. ”

“ Great care is necessary at the outset to ascertain the true spacing of the cross-girders, to ensure that the bolt-holes in the bottom flange of the centre girder shall come where desired. The fixing of the cross-girder brackets also needs close attention to avoid after trouble, the bolt-holes in the brackets being preferably drilled on the site after fixing. ”

“ The sides are made from strips three inches wide and seven-eighths of an inch thick, as shown in Fig. 43 A. The arms are twenty inches long, six inches broad at the front, and cut the shape shown in Fig. 43 B. The notches or laps cut in the rear posts are to let in the strips forming the back and lower brace.
The joints should be made with screws rather than nails, as they hold better and do not work loose. Small brackets support the arms at the front corner posts, and a batten at the middle strengthens the back of the settle. ”

“ The brackets are lightened as much as possible by having pieces cut out of them. A front transom of plate-iron, having angle-irons riveted to it each side to connect it with the brackets; a similar transom about half way down the brackets; an iron trail-plate and axle-tree, and wooden wheels. The carriage makes a load for a mule, and the wheels another load. The elevating-gear consists of an iron [Pg 197] stool-bed formed in front to hook loosely over a cross-bar, while the rear end, provided with two small studs, rests in racks riveted to the brackets. ”

“ Bowline serves for a Brace to that Yard, and the Cross Jack Braces are brought forward to the Main Shrouds, and the Mizon-top-sail Braces go through Blocks at the Mizon Peek. Brackets Are Pieces fayd on the Outside of the Timbers in the Head, and between the Stern and Gallery Lights, and were formerly carved. ”

“ Bracelets were, among the ancients, a symbol of marriage. (See Armilla.)
Bracelets. (See Periscelis.)
Brachiale, R. (brachium, the arm) . An armlet, or piece of defensive armour covering the brachium or forearm. It was worn by gladiators in the circus. Some beautifully ornamented specimens were found among the excavations at Pompeii.
Brackets, Arch., in mediæval architecture, are usually called Corbels. (See Fig. 5.)
Braconniere, O. E. A skirt of armour, worn hanging from the breast and back plates; 16th century.
Bractea or Brattea, R. Leaves of metal, especially of gold, beaten out. ”

“ If we wish to lay out a brace having a three-foot run on both post and beam, the matter is quite simple, for we can take 12 inches on the tongue and 12 inches on the blade and transfer this distance three times on a straight line and we have the extreme length of the brace from point to point, and by marking along the blade at one end of this length and along the tongue at the other end we also get the bevels. ”

“ The angle braces are made 1/2" × 1/2" × 11" and cross each other with a halved joint, as shown. The ends are cut at an angle to conform to the slope of the uprights and are attached to them by 1" brads and glue.
Piece E is now made, 1-1/4" × 1-1/4" × 2", and is tapered to 3/4" square at the upper end. This is done by measuring in 1/4" from each upper corner and drawing to the lower corners and cutting to the line. A small hole is bored in the center of the upper end to start the screw which holds piece B in place.
[Pg 81] ”

“ In buildings of small width in proportion to their height this method of securing rigidity is generally found to be inadequate, and the frame is also braced at right angles to the outer walls to take up the strains directly. In each case all strains are carefully computed. The bracing is accomplished by the introduction at the angles of the columns and girders or beams of gusset plates or knee braces, or by diagonal straps or rods properly attached by rivet or pin connexions. ”

“ BORING TOOLS
"Boring tools are very interesting," said Ralph. The brace and bit for soft woods have practically taken the place of the old fashioned augers, gimlets, etc. The reason is not hard to find. An auger or gimlet could bore but one size of hole, while with a brace and set of bits almost any diameter can be secured. A little later on, I'll tell you about a Yankee invention along this line.
"The brace is a sort of universal tool holder, and any tool designed to fit into it is known as a bit, as for example a countersink bit, or a screw driver bit, and several varieties of drills. ”

“ It may be hardly necessary to insist that bracing intended to stiffen a structure against wind, local crippling, or vibration, should be made complete, not stopping short at some point, because it cannot conveniently be carried further, as is sometimes done, unless the strength of those parts of the structure through which the forces from the bracing must be communicated to the abutments is sufficiently great, considered with reference to other stresses in those parts which have also to be endured. ”

“ Straining pieces are secured to the upper and lower faces of the shore to serve as abutments for the ends of the braces. The best angle for these braces is one of 45°, but a smaller inclination than this is frequently adopted. Wedges are inserted, usually at the end of the flyer so as to tighten this up between the wall-plates, and sometimes between the braces and the straining piece, and carefully driven to tighten up the whole and cause each timber to find a close bearing. ”

“ To distribute the stress on the foot of the different parts of the frame, an inclined brace is usually set farther from the shaft than the parallelogram of forces locates it, and so placed that about two-thirds of the strain due to the pull of the rope comes on the brace and one-third on the upright parts of the frame. ”

“ For a simple structure the necessary bracing may be obtained by "letting into" the studding 3 × 1 inch strips, as shown in drawing. To do this [464] hold the brace in the position it is to occupy, and make a pencil mark on both sides of it on each timber, sawing on the inside of these lines to a depth equal to thickness of brace. Remove the wood between saw cuts with a chisel. Test to see that brace comes flush with outside of studs, and nail securely in position.
When the frame is finished up to the roof the putting on of the siding may begin at any time. ”

“ BRACE. The braces are ropes belonging to all the yards of a ship; two to each yard, rove through blocks that are stropped to the yards, or fastened to pendants, seized to the yard-arms. Their use is either to square or traverse the yards horizontally; hence, to brace the yard, is to bring it to either side by means of the braces. In ship-building, braces are plates of iron, copper, or mixed metal, which are used to bind efficiently a weakness in a vessel; as also to receive the pintles by which the rudder is hung. ”

“ One wooden brace and two iron braces are to be put in, as shown upon the plan hereto annexed. The wooden brace is to be of one piece, or of two pieces well bolted together, of selected lumber, free from knots and other imperfections, squared, and measuring 6 by 8 inches in 337 cross section. The iron braces are to be of 1 inch diameter, best quality wrought-iron rods. The bearing plates, four to each rod, are to be not less than 10 inches in diameter, of sufficient strength, and securely and permanently fastened to the braces. ”