Brass wire

“ Let the top of the brass wire screw into a brass cover on the top of the whole vessel, which cover will not only secure the vessel against rain, but serve as a conductor to a very slightly electrified atmosphere—conveying the fluid, first to the wire, and by means of that to the balls, which will exhibit, within the vessel, the state of electricity collected from the atmosphere. ”

“ Artificial lightning from a case of 35 bottles, I find will entirely destroy brass wire of one part in 330 of an inch. At the time of the stroke, a great number of sparks, like those from a flint and steel, fly upwards, and laterally from the place where the wire was laid, and lose their light in the daytime at the distance of about two or three inches. ”

“ Where the ends meet, lap-joints should be cut and wired.
If the brass should be too hard to bend in a vise without breaking, the part it is desired to work should be heated over a spirit-lamp or in a gas flame for a moment or two; [98] when cool, it will be soft and pliable. If brass should be employed for the frame, the joints must be soldered instead of wired. To solder them it will be necessary to have some soldering solution, a spirit-lamp, and some wire solder. ”

“ Brass wire rope generally used in Bavaria, but a steeple was struck down though with a brass wire conductor 1 inch diameter. The real defect was “bad earth,” but attributed to bad form of conductor; so this was abandoned. Brass not a reliable metal, and often destroyed by smoke. Purity of copper essential. ”

“ The brass wire being too thick for the purpose of being cut into Pins, is reduced to any dimension the workman pleases, by forcibly drawing it through an orifice in a steel plate, of a smaller diameter. ”

“ The wires, W W, lead from and to one lamp. The current enters at one wire, passes through the fuse, f—Figs. 4c and 4a—down the center of the cylinder to a divided contact, into which a switch arm can be shot. When this is so, a connection is made to the upright brass rod, T, which serves to grip the band, R, passing round the body of the cylinder. The current then passes through all the turns of wire above the band, and out at the other terminal. The resistance can be varied by raising or lowering the band. Fig. 4b shows the manner of tightening the band against the wires on the cylinder. ”

“ The metallic bars only touch one end of the frame, and are in metallic communication with a piece of brass inserted there, and forming part of a conducting chain connected with a voltaic battery; when heat is applied to both bars they expand unequally; the brass bar dilates first, and filling up the minute space left between the two ends of the frame, touches another brass plate and instantly completes the voltaic circuit, when a coil of platinum wire becomes ignited, showing the fact of expansion ”

“ I have seen many fashions of wearing brass wire, but the most inelegant is that of some of the girls of the neighbouring villages, who twist about a couple of fathoms in circles round their neck, rising from the shoulders to the chin, forming what appears a stiff collar with a very broad base ”

“ As all wire, like hard drawn brass or steel wire, will “spring open” after being coiled, the rod must be made much smaller than the spring to be formed. Different sized holes may be made in the same block of wood to receive different sized winding rods over. ”

“ Contact M is a small piece of brass attached to the base by a screw at one end and by T1 at the other. K was drilled near the end to take the short coil of insulated wire joining it to T2, and O was similarly connected with T4.
The spring, S, should be fairly strong. A steel spiral with a loop at each end is most easily fitted. Drill holes in the lever and base large enough for the spring to pass through freely, make a small cross hole through the lever hole for a pin, and cut a slot across the base hole for a pin to hold the bottom of the spring. ”

“ The wire-cloth is supported by a series of brass tube rolls, which are so placed as to render the layer of pulp on the wire absolutely uniform, by which a regular thickness of the finished paper is ensured. The wire is attached to a malleable iron frame, having a sole-plate of cast iron, and carries a brass or copper breast-roll, 18 inches in diameter, a guide-roll 7 inches in diameter, and four brass or copper rolls 5 inches in diameter under the wire, with shafts extending through the rolls, and furnished with brass bushes and brackets, and a self-acting guide upon the 7-inch guide-roll. ”

“ The joints connecting these rubber covered wires and the cable conductors are spliced in the same manner as straight splices, the paper sleeves used being of sufficient diameter to be backed out of the way over the rubber insulation. When the splice is completed a brass shell threaded at one end to fit a female thread in the upper end of the brass base, is slipped over the end of the rubber covered wire and screwed into the base. ”

“ When you take your receiver off the hook a tiny electric bulb glows opposite the brass-lined hole that is marked with your number on the switchboard of your central, and the telephone girl knows that you are ready to send in a call—the flash of the little light is a signal to her that you want to be connected with some other subscriber. Whereupon, she inserts in your connection a brass plug to which a flexible wire is attached, and then opens a little lever which connects her with your circuit. ”

“ If the wire is of brass it will be necessary to close it upon the mandrel with blows from a lead mallet to prevent it from uncoiling on the mandrel when the end is released, which it will do to some extent in any event. ”

“ The wave length of the electrical oscillations can be reduced by reducing either the electrical capacity of the system, or the coefficient of self-induction of the wire. Hertz adopted both these expedients. His vibrator, in some of his more important experiments, consisted of two square brass plates 40 cm. in the side. To each of these is attached a piece of copper wire about 30 cm. in length, and each wire ends in a small highly-polished brass ball. ”

“ The resistance of this wire, when added to that of lamps, permits not more than one fifth of an ampere to pass, and this warms the wire slightly. The bar a b is composed of two strips of metal, brass above and iron below. Heat expands brass more than iron. The result is that when the current is turned on, the bar begins to curve downward until presently it touches the metal base of c. Then the full current required to light the lamps which are in circuit passes. While the circuit is closed through the large metal strips not enough passes through the fine wire to warm it. ”

“ To resist fuselage distortion the spar must be suitably braced in a lateral direction, the outrigger carrying the bracing wires being situated just forward of the centre of the spar. No. 35 s.w.g. is quite strong enough for fuselage bracing. Silk fishing-line or Japanese silk gut is admirably suited for wing bracing, and is not so [Pg 123] liable to stretch as the tinned iron or brass wire sometimes used. Piano wire is generally used for elevators, tail planes, chassis, and propeller shafts, of a gauge ranging from No. ”

“ Each bar is surrounded by a great length of insulated copper wire, and the ends of the wires are so connected with springs which press against a portion of the spindle, which is here partly formed of a non-conducting material, that the currents generated in the coils, although in different directions as they approach a pole and recede from it, are nevertheless made to flow in one direction in the external circuit. R R in the figure represent two brass handles, which are grasped by a person wishing to experience the shocks the machine can give when the wheel is turned. ”

“ The middle contact P is 1/64th of an inch wide, and the contacts P1 {92}and P2 are placed on either side at a distance of 1/16 inch; the contact strips P1, P2 carry the brass pins D, which are about 1/16 inch diameter, and spaced 3/8 inch apart. A connecting wire is carried from the contact P to the copper ring T, another from P1 to T1, and one from P2 to T2.
Fig. 48. N, brass tube; S, bushes; G, ball-bearing; H, gear-wheel; T, T1, T2, copper rings; C, insulating block; R, R1, R2, brushes; J, ebonite disc; Q, contact block; D, metal pins; O, pulley, P, P1, P2, contact plates; K, needle ”

“ M M are coils of insulated wire wound on soft iron cores. A is a soft iron armature mounted on a flat spring so that it is normally kept a slight distance away from the soft iron cores. S is a brass screw with a platinum tip touching a platinum disc on a spring attached to the armature.
When the push button P is pressed down, its two brass springs touch each other, the current from the battery cell B then flows through the wire W, through the push P, through the coils M M, along A to the platinum disc, out at S, which touches this disc, and back to the battery.
x
Fig. ”

“ M, Top of magnet. C C, Coils of wire around magnet. P, Driving-pulley. T, Armature. A B, Pillars of springs which take current from the roller F. S S, Binding-screws. The dotted lines show the position of the wires beneath the base. The wires from the magnet coils go round the pillars A and B, and are joined to the wires from them to the binding-screws S S at the points K K. The wires from the armature coils join the brass-covered roller at F and G.
Whenever you join the wires, be sure to scrape off all the insulating material, and twist them firmly together ”

“ The revolving armature which generates the electrical current is made internally of a hollow shell of soft iron secured to the central portion of the shaft between the bearings, and is wound externally with a copper conducting wire, constituting three coils or helices surrounding the armature, which coils are, however, permanently joined, and in reality act as a single three-branched wire. ”

“ Iron seems to be the most desirable material for guard wires because it gives the required mechanical strength and sufficient conductivity at a less cost than copper, aluminum, or bronze, and is easier to handle and less liable to break than steel. It was formerly the practice to staple guard wires to the tops of poles or to the ends of cross-arms, but it was found that the wire was more apt to rust and break at the staple than elsewhere, and in the better class of work such wires are now mounted on small insulators. ”

“ Instead of having a lining that is compressed by means of sleeves or jackets, many big guns are wound with wire which is pulled so tight as77 to compress the lining. The gun-tube is placed in a lathe, and is turned so as to wind up the wire upon it. A heavy brake on the wire keeps it drawn very tight. This wire, also, is put on in layers, so that each layer can expand considerably without exceeding its elastic limit. Our big 16-inch coast-defense guns are wound with wire that is one tenth of an inch square. ”

“ After completion of the winding, the end-connexions are firmly bound down by bands of steel or phosphor bronze binding wire, so as to resist the stress of centrifugal force. In the case of smooth-surface armatures, such bands are also placed at intervals along the length of the armature core, but in toothed armatures, although the coils are often in small machines secured in the slots by similar bands of a non-magnetic high-resistance wire, the use of hard-wood wedges driven into notches at the sides of the slots becomes preferable, and in very large machines indispensable. ”

“ Formerly the material used in the manufacture of the wires was best charcoal iron, but now almost exclusively tough crucible-steel wires are used, as steel wire ropes are stronger, do not stretch as much, and last longer than iron ropes. ”

“ As the material for wire gauze and cloth, wire rope, cable, piano strings, springs of all sorts, pins, needles, nails, fence, barbed wire, and the myriad of other things, wire really is one of our great products.
It was mentioned that piano wire had been made which had a tensile strength as high as 400,000 pounds per square inch, which is six or seven times the strength of an equivalent cross-section of steel rail or plate. Wire is undoubtedly the strongest product which is made from steel. This is why wire rope or cable is so strong. ”

“ In no case should any but an experienced man be given charge of this work. But if there be any doubt as to whether the armature is really burnt out, let a competent man be the judge. When a large armature needs repairing, a pair of chain tongs can be used on some part of the shaft when putting in the coils, and a block and tackle, as shown, can be used, when putting on the band wires. Do not finish one band and then cut off the wire, but run it over for the next, etc. Then solder and trim off the wires. ”

“ To get the requisite flexibility and vibration to strings of the size and weight wanted in the bass notes, tempered steel wire is used for the strings, and on this is wound soft annealed iron wire, plated with silver; each string being of a different size, of course various sizes of body and covering wire are used in their manufacture. The string to be covered is placed in the machine, which turns it very rapidly, while the workman holds the covering wire firmly and truly, and it is wound round and covers the centre wire. ”