Tracing

“ Besides, it helped me get the ship here, so I could go in a dory to my helicopter, and ‘put on my sky show.’ Then—with the storm coming, I had the Dart to get back in: I used these oilskins, while I dug. I had the tracing made to guide my aerial photography, and as soon as I located the buried chest I left the tracing where it would get Doc suspected. I left a key where it might incriminate the control chief. The more people you suspected the more I could work. ”

“ Zircon boomed.
"To be sure. But the tracings had none, except to us."
Rick said what had been on his mind. "Both thefts resulted in only one thing . . . delay. The tracings put us a day behind, and the dynamite might delay us even longer. It depends on how fast we can get more."
"Maybe Rick has something there," David Riddle said. "But who gains from a delay in the project?"
"No one," Brad Connel said testily. "I think we're looking for a motive that doesn't exist. The tracings probably were stolen by someone on the hotel staff, because they looked important. ”

“ Forgeries by tracings usually present a close resemblance in general form to the genuine, and are therefore most sure to deceive the unfamiliar or casual observer. It sometimes happens that the original writing from which the tracings were made is discovered, in which case the closely duplicated forms will be positive evidence of forgery. The degree to which one signature of writing duplicates another may be readily seen by placing one over the other, and holding them to a window or other strong light, or by close comparative measurements. ”

“ There was no significant deviation in his physiological responses to this question.
During series 3 he was asked two control-type questions in which he did respond significantly with regard to the physiological tracings. Question No. 4 was asked: “Are you married?” Mr. Ruby responded “No.” An interpretation of his polygrams reveal a rather significant rise in his relative blood pressure. He also produced a rather vivid impact on the GSR tracings, and there was noticeable staircase suppression in his pneumograph pattern. This question was later discussed with Mr. ”

“ Fig. 400.—Tracheal end-cells of Lampyris splendidula: tr, trachea with tænidia; tre, tracheal capillaries.—After Wielowiejski.
These tracheal capillaries also occur on the seminal and other sexual tubes, on the intestine, on the urinary tubes, on the fat-bodies, but are most easily detected on the silk-glands.
The latest researches are those of E. Holmgren, who has studied the branching of the tracheæ in the spinning-glands of caterpillars. He prefers to call the end-cells “transition cells,” as they lead from the tracheal tubes proper to the capillary network. ”

“ Wielowiejski, [63] in describing the line tracheæ of the phosphorescent organs, thinks that the tracheal endings (tracheal capillaries) rarely end blindly, but anastomose with one another, forming an irregular network. The latest observer, Gilson (1893) , asserts that tracheal twigs penetrate deeply into the epithelial cells of the silk glands of larval Trichoptera as well as of caterpillars, passing through their protoplasm.
Fig. 398.—Tracheal network of the male glands of Lampyris splendidula: tec, tracheal end-cells; cap, tracheal capillaries; at a, an expanded matrix.—After Wielowiejski. ”

“ But when the first alarm has quieted down, the attacks are likely to be only occasional, as when the article, drawn up with the expired air, comes in contact with the under aspect of the vocal cords. It may be that in a violent fmt of coughing it will be expelled, but, if not, the surgeon must be at hand ready to perform tracheotomy when the urgency of the symptoms demands it. Tracheotomy is the making of an opening into the trachea, the air-tube below the larynx. It is unsafe to leave a child with a foreign body loose in its windpipe, on account of the risk of sudden and fatal asphyxia. ”

“ The patient swallows a small dose of the tracer and a counter shows how fast it is taken in by the thyroid gland. This shows how active the gland is. Tracers also help to find brain tumors. And they can be used to follow the circulation of the blood. If an artery is blocked, a person may die because his blood can't circulate. ”

“ Every medical graduate has been taught that there are two kinds of tracheotomy, high and low, the low operation being very difficult, the high operation very easy. When he is suddenly called upon to do an emergency tracheotomy, this erroneous teaching is about all that remains in the dim recesses of his memory; consequently he makes sure of doing the operation high enough, and goes in through the larynx, usually dividing the cricoid cartilage, the only complete ring in the trachea. ”

“ The tracheae are all intimately connected. Large tubes connect the spiracles longitudinally, others pass from side to side of the body, and a set of tracheae for the lower part of the body is connected with another set on the upper surface by means of several descending tubes. From these main channels smaller branches extend in all directions, forking and giving off twigs, so that all the organs inside the body can be supplied with air in the most liberal manner. On opening a freshly deceased Insect the abundance of the tracheae is one of the peculiarities that most attracts the attention ”

“ PHYSICAL SIGNS OF TRACHEAL FOREIGN BODY If fixed in the trachea the only objective sign of foreign body may be a wheezing respiration, the site of which may be localized with the stethoscope, by the intensity of the sound. Movable foreign bodies may produce a palpatory thrill, and the rumble and sudden stop can be heard with the stethoscope and often with the naked ear. The lungs will show equal aeration, but there may be marked dyspnea without the indrawing of the fossae, if the object be of large size and located below the manubrium. ”

“ Radioactive tracer atoms, either natural or purposefully built into molecules of vital materials like proteins, are revealing how these substances function in the body to produce 27 energy or to form new tissues. When we know accurately the normal totals and kinds of radioactive substances in the body, we can undertake new kinds of tracer studies without using large amounts of additional radiation. Small instruments called scanners (see Figure 18) usually are used to track tracer isotopes, but whole body counters are useful in special circumstances. ”

“ It is this that science has done for us: It has clogged up all these natural avenues to our existence by teaching that we breathe through the trachea alone, in consequence of the muscle of the diaphragm forming an air-tight partition between the upper and lower compartments of our bodies; being ignorant of the fact of that other great tube of the œsophagus, also opening into the oral cavity, performing the same functions for the abdomen which the trachea does for the thorax. ”

“ The blood of William Trace would, of a surety, have run cold if he could have seen the baleful look in the eye which was now peering down at him as he unconsciously betrayed his dual identity by divesting himself of the thick wig and beard, which he found hot and uncomfortable.
Chancing, as he vaulted into his bunk, to glance at his means of inspecting the next berth, he noticed, to his horror, that the card-board disc was not in its place. To repair the omission was the work of a moment. But he could not so soon recover from the shock which his blunder had caused him. ”

“ A trachea is a vessel composed of a single, elongated cell or of several cells set end to end. The cells usually are of large caliber, with very heavy walls, which are variously thickened. In some cases the thickening consists of a spiral band, in others of distinct, encircling rings. Frequently the thickening of the walls leaves definite, thin spots, called dots or pits. ”

“ The parenchym-cells in reality secrete the luminous matter; this is taken up by the tracheal end-cells and burnt or oxidized by means of the oxygen present in the tracheal capillaries. Such a combustion can only take place when the chitinous membrane of the tracheæ is extraordinarily fine and easily penetrable, as is the case in the capillaries of the photogenic plate; therefore the plasma of the tracheal cells only oxidizes at the forking of the terminal tracheal twigs and in the capillaries. ”

“ The trachea conveys the blast of air from the lungs during expiration, and the whole apparatus may be compared to an acoustical contrivance in which the lungs represent the wind chest and the trachea the tube passing from the wind chest to the sounding body contained in the larynx. Suppose two tight bands of any elastic membrane, such as thin sheet india-rubber, stretched over the end of a wide glass tube so that the margins of the bands touched each other, and that a powerful blast of air is driven through the lube by a bellows. ”

“ In the male bird the trachea at the distance of about two inches above the furcula, takes an immense convolution, forming a complicated knot; the form of the turnings is not always the same, nor is their extent; I have seen one much more complicated than in the specimen dissected by Mr. Eyton, [112] and some less so. The volutions are connected by a mesentery. At the point where the bronchi divaricate, the trachea dilates into a large oval box. In the female the trachea is quite simple, having no trace of the convolution, nor of the bronchial box. ”

“ Several leaf-traces are seen in transverse section in the secretory zone (black dots in fig. 148, A, sc; fig. 154, C, lt) : each trace consists of a strand of narrow tracheae accompanied by a few encircling layers of small parenchymatous cells. As a trace continues its steeply ascending course through the secretory zone, it becomes associated with a strand of that tissue and assumes the form of a collateral vascular bundle, the outer part of which does not consist of typical phloem but of shorter elements derived from the secretory zone. ”

“ Having removed the liquid, should any be present, by the application of a large sponge, we must proceed to examine the lungs, as to their colour and general appearance; and, by the introduction of a blow-pipe into the trachea, we should by means of the mouth or bellows inflate these organs, so as to ascertain the degree of distention of which they are susceptible. We may at the same time inspect their structure more minutely by raising each lobe with the hand, introduced into the cavity of the thorax for that purpose. ”

“ If we examine the tracheal gills of the smaller dragon-fly (Agrion) , or the May-flies, or Sialidæ, or Perlidæ, or Phryganeidæ, we see that they are developed in a very arbitrary way, either at the end of the abdomen, or on the sternum, or from the pleurum; moreover, in structure they invariably have but a single trachea, from which minute twigs branch out; [30] in the wings there are five or six main tracheæ, which give rise to the veins. Thus, in themselves, irrespective of their position, they are not the homologues of the gills. ”

“ If any one will perform Galen’s experiment of dividing the trachea of a living dog, forcibly distending the lungs with a pair of bellows, and then tying the trachea securely, he will find, when he has laid open the thorax, abundance of air in the lungs, even to their extreme investing tunic, but none in either the pulmonary veins, or left ventricle of the heart. ”

“ The scanner picked up the strand, followed it to the place where it emerged from a neat pencil-sized hole in the hull of the Lancet. The strand snaked completely across the room and disappeared through another neat hole in the wall into the next storage hold.
Jenkins shook his head as the scanner flipped back to the hole in the Lancet's hull. Even as he watched, the hole enlarged and a pink blob began to emerge. The blob kept coming and coming until it rested soggily on the edge of the hole. Then it teetered and fell splat on the floor.
"Friend of yours?" the Black Doctor asked casually. ”

“ These finest tracheal capillaries are not in Luciola filled with air, but with a colorless fluid, as was also found by Wielowiejski and others in Lampyris.
These transparent cylinders, with the tracheæ within, forming longitudinal axes, resemble lobules. These lobules are so distributed that they appear on a surface section of this plate as numerous round areas in which circular periphery the tracheal capillaries are arranged with the axially disposed tracheal end-cells. These “tracheal end-cells” are only membranous enlargements at the base of the tracheal capillaries (Wielowiejski) . ”

“ Examination after death showed slight injection of the cerebral membranes; the cellular tissue in the neighbourhood of the trachea contained in certain places extravasations of blood, varying from the size of a pea to that of a penny; the [515] mucous membrane of the larynx and trachea was swollen and covered with a thick croupous layer; the lungs were partially hepatised, and the pleura thickened; the crop as well as the true intestines still contained some food. ”

“ The trachea is a cylindrical tube originating at the posterior extremity of the larynx, and terminating within the chest cavity at a point just above the heart in the right and left bronchial tubes. It is formed by a series of cartilaginous rings joined together at their borders by ligaments and lined by a mucous membrane. ”