The Master of the Rolls is the second-highest-ranking judge in England and Wales, overseeing the Civil Division of the Court of Appeal and acting as the Head of Civil Justice. Historically, the role developed from a clerical post responsible for managing the records of the Court of Chancery into a judicial position, with individuals such as Thomas Cromwell and Lord Denning influencing its development.
Scholars like Leslie Stephen and the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica emphasize its medieval roots and changing duties, while others, such as William Morgan, employed the term “master” in different contexts, illustrating the word’s wider application. The post’s influence persists in legal customs and institutional leadership, connecting centuries of judicial and administrative transformation.