Motor

“ Every motor-car owner, whether he can afford to keep a mechanic or not, should make a point of studying and thoroughly understanding his engine. It is not merely that this will save him trouble and emancipate him from the tyranny of the skilled mechanic, but it will very materially increase his pleasure in the pastime, for the study of the engine affords almost as keen enjoyment as the actual driving. ”

“ The motor is the great dominating factor in the world of industry. Every wheel and spindle; every shaft and loom, and every piece of mechanism which has motion, derives it from some sort of motor.
The term motor has a wider significance than any other word. A steam engine is a motor, and so, also, is a dynamo, a water wheel or a wind mill. ”

“ I feel inclined myself to plead guilty to the limited extent of acknowledging that there is a glorious exhilaration in the mere motion of a motor-car, strong, unwearying, unresting, with no drawback of regret for strain of exertion on man or beast. The mere sense of motion is a delightful thing ”

“ The motor confirms the ethical fact that each introduction of a higher material force into the daily uses of humanity lifts it to a broader, brighter plane, gives its capabilities freer and more wholesome play, and opens fresh vistas for all possibilities. ”

“ Even the engine of a motor cycle has three strokes of play for one of work. Our engines, too, must have a liberal supply of the right kind of fuel. But even with all those precautions, we have to confess that the muscular engines of the foot do sometimes break down, and the leverage of the foot becomes threatened. Nor have we succeeded in finding out why they are so liable to break down in some boys and girls and not in others. Some day we shall discover this too.
We are now to look at another part of the human machine so that we may study a lever of the third order. ”

“ The motor mechanism is that which puts the whole in motion. It either generates its own motive power, like the steam-engine, the caloric engine, the electro-magnetic machine, etc., or it receives its impulse from some already existing natural force, like the water-wheel from a head of water, the windmill from wind, etc. ”

“ An Electric Motor is really a machine. If it be supplied with a proper current of electricity, its armature will revolve; and, if a pulley or wheel be fastened to the revolving shaft, a belt can be attached, and the motor made to do work. There are many kinds of motors, and many simple experiments which aid in understanding them. ”

“ It would be just as descriptive to call a wind mill a wind motor, or a steam engine a steam motor, as to adhere to the old terms; and, on the other hand, since it would be out of place to call a dynamo or a wind mill an engine, the word motor seems best adapted to express the meaning of every type of mechanism which transforms energy into motion. ”

“ The motor of a steam vehicle always stops when the machine is not moving, which is another distinguishing feature, as the gasoline motors run continually, or at least unless the car is left standing for a long time. ”

“ I never allow the mechanical portion of the motor-car to interfere with the interior of the carriage, a rule which experience has taught me to be very necessary. Your motor-car engineer as a rule gives but little heed to the carriage part of his vehicle; to him the engine is all in all, and he will not hesitate to thrust some of his oily belongings into the interior of one's vehicle unless such a rule as that which I have made is strictly laid down and sternly kept. ”

“ The Starting Motor.—The starting motor is constructed in the same manner as the generator, and is simply a reversal of action. When cranking, the current from the storage battery flows through the motor winding and magnetizes the armature core. ”

“ The country is, however, and I think it always will be, the best sphere of the motor. I am afraid I cannot help recurring to my personal experience, but judging from that, a motor justifies its existence best from the great, the never-ending, the ever-changing delight of travelling through many miles of country surroundings. ”

“ The casings and base-plates and supports of motors, for instance, while the motor itself—its windings and the like—is the work of the electrical engineer, are due to the designing genius of some mechanical man. ”

“ THE MOTOR You will remember that the armature consists of a spool wound with wire. This spool is made of iron plates fastened together so as to form one solid piece. The armature of a motor may be made in the same way; in fact, the whole motor is practically a dynamo-machine. ”

“ Horse power of motor with which speed regulator will be used; Voltage of motor; Winding of motor, whether series, shunt, or compound wound; Nature of the machine which motor is to operate; Normal rated speed of motor to be used; Maximum speed at which it is desired to operate the motor; Minimum speed at which it is desired to operate the motor; Whether controller will ever be required to reverse direction of motor or to operate it in one direction only ”

“ An electric motor is a machine since it transforms the energy of the electric current into motion or mechanical energy, and transfers the energy from the wire to the driving pulley.
Fig. 84.—The horse lifts the bucket of ore.
118. A Machine Cannot Create Energy.—Whatever does work upon a machine (a man, moving water, wind, etc.) loses energy which is employed in doing the work of the machine. A pair of shears is a machine since it transfers energy from the hand to the edges that do the cutting. Our own bodies are often considered as machines since they both transfer and transform energy. ”

“ Through the open door of the garage Mike was rolling a span new motor-cycle!
Motors were Matt's hobby. Anything driven by a motor had always appealed to him, but motor-cycles and motor-cars captured his fancy beyond anything and everything else in the motor line. ”

“ The motor itself, of one of the kinds to be described presently, which either overcomes a useful resistance directly, as in the case of a ram acting on a lift or crane chain, or indirectly by actuating transmissive machinery, as when a turbine drives the shafting, belting and gearing of a mill. With the motor is usually combined regulating machinery for adjusting the power and speed to the work done. ”

“ Example.—If the armature pull of a motor having a two foot pulley, be such that a weight of 500 lbs. attached to the rim, is just balanced, and the speed be 1,000 revolutions per minute, what is the horse power? ”

“ Or suppose you have an idea for a gyro-motor such as are used for driving aeroplanes. Now in this motor the shaft to which the pistons are fastened stands still and the cylinders in which the pistons move revolve. It is rather a curious motion and not easy for a fellow who is not posted on mechanics to grasp offhand.
What’s the thing to do? Why, make a cardboard [44] model of the mechanism using pins for the shafts and you will have a model that will look like Fig. 33, and when you turn the cardboard disk with the cylinders marked on it you will see at once exactly how the motor works. ”

“ With Ned and Bob to help and offer suggestions, Jerry went all over the engine to locate the trouble. It might be in one of a dozen places, for a gasolene motor is a delicate machine and can get more kinds of things the matter with it than can a baby. ”

“ On the other hand, the animated motor has this peculiarity, that its sources of heat and its mechanical arrangements are intimately commingled, that its heat is produced by organs in motion with a sort of general diffusion, and that the machine itself becomes in turn transformed within itself into heat; an incredible complication, of which science has succeeded in unravelling the simple laws only by dint of the united efforts and resources of physics, chemistry, and biology. ”

“ A fluid motor or engine comprising in combination a runner composed of a plurality of disks rotably mounted with intervening spaces, and a casing enclosing the runner provided with ports or passages of inlet and outlet at the axis and periphery of the runner respectively, as set forth. ”

“ An electric vehicle may be regarded as consisting of a body, a running gear, with one or two motors mounted on it and arranged to operate the driving wheels of the vehicle through speed reduction gearing, of a battery of accumulators carried on the car itself, of connections between this battery and the motors, and of a controller, the functions of which will be explained. ”

“ Machinery has given us one great delusion. People have imagined that when a machine was operated by a steam engine or by an electric motor, the steam engine or the electric motor actually did all the work, and the people who were attending it while it operated were more or less negligible. ”

“ Assuming a vehicle with running gear complete and motors mounted and geared to the driving-wheels, the motors have to be fed with energy in order that the car may be propelled— that is to say, we must in addition to the motors have a source of electric current present. A car with body, running gear, and motors geared in position, is a potentiality only. ”

“ This mode of motor enjoyment is realized when standing in the middle of a building or an avenue of trees, and tracing an imaginary central receding line, and it is noticeable that we naturally place ourselves in the position and execute this kind of movement whenever we wish to appreciate the effect of perspective. It may be added that a union of gradation of velocity with that of duration, as in tracing the path of a projectile across the field of vision, affords the eye its richest form of motor delight. ”

“ As the armature rotates, its motion is communicated by gears to the wheels, [338] the necessary current reaching the motor through the overhead wires. Small motors may be used to great advantage in the home, where they serve to turn the wheels of sewing machines, and to operate washing machines. Vacuum cleaners are frequently run by motors. ”

“ But even to those living in towns, the country contributes most to the pleasure of possessing a motor. At one of the dinners of the Automobile Club, when it was suggested that motors had a future in bringing agricultural produce to the large towns, the audience agreed with the observation that, if it was. desirable that the motor should bring cabbages to the workman, it was still more desirable for the motor to take the workman to the cabbages. For myself, after a long day in Court, I often feel that I am a workman who wants to be taken to the cabbages. ”

“ Direct-current Motors.—The motor consists of a fixed magnetic field system with a rotating armature, which carries the conductors through which the supply current is passed. The magnetic field, produced in the air-gap between the poles and the armature, reacts with the current-carrying conductors of the armature and produces the mechanical turning-moment or torque. ”

“ A series motor has a powerful starting torque, and adjusts its speed to the load. It is used almost altogether in street cars. It can be used in stump pulling, or derrick work, such as using a hay fork. ”

“ Man called it a motor and had ever so many names for different parts of it, and sometimes said strong words when he took one of the parts out and couldn't get it back again without trouble. The wheels ran on rubber, he said, rubber filled with air, which Mr. Man pumped into them, and when anything happened to let the air out they had to stop, and then Mr. Man would change the rubber wheel and pump a good deal, and say strong words again, especially when it was warm. ”

“ By the same device the motor can run at reduced speed, although with a considerable loss of energy in the rheostat; it is indeed, as a rule, difficult to get effective speed variation in motors of any kind without serious loss of energy. ”

“ It's guaranteed to run the car under electric power for nearly a mile, without the motor being operated. All we'll have to do will be to set the starter going—that turns the fly wheel, you know. Then we can put in low gear, slip in the clutch, just as if the motor was in operation, and get the car to the top of the hill. ”

“ It is that of an engine completely reversible in all its physical and mechanical agencies. A water-motor which could be driven backward by means of some source of power, and would then raise to a given level as much water as it would use from that level to develop the power required to run it backward, would be a reversible engine. It is plainly to be seen that such a motor would be a perfect motor, and also a perfect pump. ”

“ They can do everything the big motors can do, and if used with the rheostats, reversers and other apparatus in the outfits, the student will have a whole motor laboratory.
Why not get a motor that has brains and that can do tricks and experiments? Any good motor will go when you turn on the power ”

“ It details the astonishing adventures of a young mechanic who owned a motor cycle. Is there a boy who has not longed to possess one of these swift little machines that scud about the roads everywhere throughout the United States? Is there a boy, therefore, who will not be intensely interested in the adventures of "Motor Matt," as he is familiarly called by his comrades?
Boys, you have never read anything half so exciting, half so humorous and entertaining as the first story listed for publication in this line, called "Motor Matt; or, The King of the Wheel." ”

“ To say that motor-habits, with which when they are established consciousness may have little to do, can be registered in a flexible motor instrument and acted over and over again, is reasonable enough ”

“ For ten years or so everybody who could afford a motor of some sort has had one. We've all had one. Not to have a motor has been simply ridiculous, if not disreputable. So [Pg 172] everybody has ridden about all day in the fresh air, never had any exercise, and got an enormous appetite. ”

“ For not only is the motor act itself made possible through the office of imagery, but the motor act clarifies and makes useful the images. The boy who has actually made a table, or a desk, or a box has ever afterward a different and a better image of one of these objects than before ”

“ But while each motor center is thus connected by motor or efferent fibers with the muscles, recent work by Sherrington and Mott and by other observers has shown that it is also connected by sensory or afferent fibers with the muscles, the skin overlying them, the joints in their neighborhood, and the bones which they move. The 'motor area,' in fact, is not purely motor, but has sensory functions as well. ”