User interface

“ For any configuration of software, it is necessary to be able to determine the origin and purpose of each component of the configuration and to control the process of further development and maintenance of the configuration.
2.B.6 The user interface offered by an APSE is independent of the host machine.
2.B.7 At all stages of the development of a program—design, coding, testing, maintenance—an APSE encourages the programmer to work in Ada source terms, rather than in terms of the assembly language of the particular host or target machine. ”

“ These will be developed as early as possible and will include editors, interpreters, diagnostic aids, program analyzers, documentation aids, testing aids, software maintenance tools, optimizers, and application libraries. There will be a consistent user interface for these tools. Where practical software tools and aids will be written in the language. Support for the design, implementation, distribution, and maintenance of translators, software tools and aids, and application libraries will be provided independently of the individual projects that use them. ”

“ Use modern technology Most databases are available via an interactive user interface on the web catering to the majority of users. Modern users demand that websites adhere to very high technical and design standards, as is commonplace with websites like Facebook and Google. Websites should have intuitive graphical design and support standard web browsers and operating systems. ”

“ More generally, any interface program that mediates access to a special resource or {server} for convenience, efficiency, or security reasons; for this meaning, the usage is usually `a shell around' whatever. This sort of program is also called a `wrapper'. 3. A skeleton program, created by hand or by another program (like, say, a parser generator) , which provides the necessary {incantation}s to set up some task and the control flow to drive it (the term {driver} is sometimes used synonymously) . The user is meant to fill in whatever code is needed to get real work done. ”

“ LESK illustrated how the program performs page analysis, and the image interface. (The user types several words, is presented with a list— usually of the titles of articles contained in an issue—that derives from the ASCII, clicks on an icon and receives an image that mirrors an ACS page.) LESK also illustrated an alternative interface, based on text on the ASCII, the so-called SuperBook interface from Bellcore. ”

“ The Readers Web team at the WMF will work on some improvements to the desktop interface over the next couple of years. The goal is to increase usability without removing any functionality. We have been inspired by changes made by volunteers, but that currently only exist as local gadgets and user scripts, prototypes, and volunteer-led skins. ”

“ GUIs (graphical user interfaces) like Windows and Macintosh have hastened the process (and indeed it's no secret that it was Microsoft's marketing strategy to use their operating system to make computers easy to use for the average person) . ”

“ Providing efficient interfaces is probably as important as designing high level abstract programming languages and writing programs in those languages. Without such interfaces, only a limited number of people could involve themselves in computing. The experience of interface design can help us understand the direction of change to which the new pragmatics commits us. At the end of the road, the computer should physically disappear from our desks. All that will be needed is access to digital processing, not to the digital engine. ”

“ Data in dozens of arrangements, for design, training aids, or operating instructions are needed by folks who, very often, haven't used the equipment before or who, for some other reason, need specs right there, alongside, all the time. In this world of thousands of languages and dialects, and physical and mental limitations beyond counting, even basic tools, like a safety pin, need to be understood all along the line from designer to user. Understanding means communications ”

“ Many embedded computer applications require software that will continue to operate in the presence of faults.... The applications may require the monitoring of sensors, control of equipment displays or operator input processing. They must interface to special peripheral equipment.... Software must sometimes be able to respond at periodic (real time) intervals, to service interrupts within limited times, and to predict computation times.... In many applications..it is necessary to access, manipulate and display large quantities of data. ”

“ No matter what kind of computer a person is using, theirs is always the best and most efficient of them all. Posting articles asking questions like What computer should I buy? An Atari ST or an Amiga? will lead only to fervent arguments over the merits and drawbacks of each brand. Don't even ask The Net—-go to a local user group, or do some research of your own like reading some magazine reviews. Trying to say one computer is somehow better than another is a moot point. ”

“ The human being controls and supervises operations through a mechanical or con> puter interface. As technology advances and new requirements dictate, more and more of the command and control functions will reside in the computer with the man assuming an increasingly supervisory role ”

“ The brightest minds, from many countries, contribute ideas to new concepts of computation. The design of computers involves a large number of creative professionals from fields as varied as mechanical engineering, chip design, operating systems, telecommunications, ergonomy, interface design, product design, and communication. ”

“ Interfaces affect the nature of practical experiences in computing. As these become more complex, a breakdown occurs because interfaces do not scale up. Instead of supporting better interactions, an interface can hamper them and affect the outcome of computing. Language has performed quite well under the pressure of scaling up. It grows with each new human practical experience and can adapt to a variety of tasks because the people constituted in language adapt. ”

“ When the communication environment is such that each linguistic transaction cannot have an immediate conclusion or effect in the object domain, then it is essential that the domain model be used to determine if a particular makes sense. Otherwise the machine will make any inferences about the information it and the dialogue may become a monologue the human. The efficiency will deteriorate, particularly will be accepting information later when it is handled in Individual user models. language is to accommodate of the transfer for naive users. ”

“ Nevertheless, good usability is imperative for achieving wide acceptance of a software tool in the community. In many cases, academic software starts out as a prototype that solves one specific task and is not geared for a larger user group. As soon as the developer realizes that the complexity of the problems solved by the software could make it widely applicable, the software will grow to meet the new demands. ”

“ A hacker's personal machine, especially one he or she owns. "Yeah? Well, *my* home box runs a full 4.2 BSD, so there!"
:hook: n. A software or hardware feature included in order to simplify later additions or changes by a user. For example, a simple program that prints numbers might always print them in base 10, but a more flexible version would let a variable determine what base to use; setting the variable to 5 would make the program print numbers in base 5. ”

“ Be sure you try the system you plan to buy. Test run on a sample problem the hardware and software combination you are considering using. See if you think the solutions the computer puts out are what you need. ”

“ Expect Users to Make Mistakes You should never assume that your tool is self-explanatory, that requirements concerning the input data are obvious, or that the user will immediately grasp all details of the problem at hand. Ideally, your tool supports the user in using it appropriately, e.g., by checking that data remain inside required ranges or that identifiers are unique, and provides descriptive error messages in case of unexpected values. ”

“ If we do not interact with the computer via a primary programming language (Assembler or machine language) , I believe that it is impossible to find the principle of work of the computer either from in- or outside of it. ”

“ On the Internet, we come closer to what emerges as a qualitatively new form of human interaction. Design is integrated in the networked world in a number of ways: communication protocols, hypertext, document and image layout, structure of interactive multimedia. ”

“ Many computer experts strongly recommend against buying a computer first and then shopping for the software packages. So identify your needs and select the software packages or materials that will help you do what you want to with your computer. Then find the hardware to run the programs. ”

“ When you were working on a machine like the TX-0, which came with almost no software, everyone would furiously write systems programs to make programming easier—Tools to Make Tools, kept in the drawer by the console for easy access by anyone using the machine. ”

“ Computer control is nominally located at the hub of the expanding LMF disk, and commands in hierarchical fashion a distributed information processing system with sector computers at each node and sector subsystems at the next hierarchical level of control. ”

“ The computer field is changing so fast that it is difficult to keep up with the changes. One way to keep current is to join a users group for your particular brand of computer, or an agricultural users group. Another way to get up-to-date information about new computer hardware and software products is to read a private newsletter. ”

“ Finally, it is imperative to provide demo data that enable users to immediately interact with the software. A successful test run proves to the user that your software works as expected and will be essential if you want your tool to be published.
Rule 9: Offer Tutorial Material Researchers can seldom afford the time to thoroughly read complex user manuals. They will thus appreciate a number of clearly written code examples, illustrations, or video screen casts to get started. ”

“ You can also use a computer as an up-to-date source for communication, linking you to banks of information that are available almost instantaneously from public and private online information sources. With the computer hooked up to the telephone, you can get information quickly, receive it visually, and record it in detail if you wish. ”

“ Different users will have different expectations concerning the values of implicit parameters of the conversation, and will have different underlying assumptions. In order not to burden each user with the necessity to make all of these explicit, it is necessary to make these assumptions and defaults a function of the type of user. Dialogue model The machine must have a working knowledge of what constitutes an acceptable dialogue. ”

“ The discussion of current practice is balanced by an analysis of key trends in the scholarly use of information technology. These include the trends toward end-user computing and connectivity, which provide a framework for forecasting the use of electronic texts through this millennium. The presentation concludes with a summary of the ways in which the nonscientific scholarly community can be expected to use electronic texts, and the implications of that use for information providers. ”

“ CALALUCA argued that one of the major difficulties is not the software. Rather, in creating a product that will be used by scholars representing a broad spectrum of computer sophistication, user documentation proves to be the most important service one can provide. ”

“ Environments for personal exploration, organization, and manipulation of information proliferate in CD-ROM formats, interactive games, and tutorial networks. High fidelity sound, rich video resources, computer graphics, and a variety of devices for individualized human interaction provide the technological basis for what emerges as a ubiquitous computing environment. ”

“ Today, we find a parallel situation in that there are those who refuse to accept the computer as an intelligent machine, though it is interesting to watch these objectors regroup and draw another line the machine dare not go past. ”

“ The automated group education system of the System Development Corporation is made up of the following components: a digital computer to control and select the material presented and to analyze responses, a magnetic tape storage unit, a typewriter for printing out data analysis, a slide projector and screen for presenting educational materials, and individual desks with keyboards for the students’ responses. ”

“ Notional disease suffered by software with an obsessively simple-minded menu interface and no escape. Hackers find this intensely irritating and much prefer the flexibility of command-line or language-style interfaces, especially those customizable via macros or a special-purpose language in which one can encode useful hacks. ”

“ Code or designs that trade on a particularly intimate knowledge or experience of a particular operating system or language or complex application interface. Distinguished from {deep magic}, which trades more on arcane *theoretical* knowledge. Writing device drivers is heavy wizardry ”