Manhole

“ If the water is running as freely at one manhole as at the next manhole above, it is assumed that the sewer between the manholes is clean and no further inspection need be given unless there is some other reason to suspect clogging between manholes. If the sewage is backed up in a manhole it indicates that there is an obstruction in the sewer below. If the sewage in a manhole is flowing sluggishly and is covered with scum it is an indication of clogging, slow velocity and septic action in the sewer. ”

“ When it is desired to carry the manhole some distance above the level of the top of the roof to provide for a rather deep earth covering for the tank, the eight-sided wooden form may be made deeper as desired, and another larger, similar form built for the outside form of the necessary concrete manhole well. ”

“ Good practice calls for the location of a manhole at every change in direction, grade, elevation, or size of pipe, except in sewers 60 inches in diameter or larger. The manholes should not be more than 300 to 500 feet apart, and preferably as close as 200 to 300 feet. In sewers too small for a man to enter the distance is fixed by the length of sewer rods which can be worked successfully. ”

“ The cover should be roughened in some desirable pattern as shown in Fig. 30. Smooth covers become dangerously slippery. Where the ventilation of 103the sewers is not satisfactory the manhole covers are sometimes perforated. This is undesirable from other points of view as the rising odors and vapors are obnoxious at the surface and the entering dirt and water are detrimental to the operation of the sewer. The stealing and destruction of manhole covers and the unauthorized entering of sewers has occasionally required the locking of the covers to the frame when in place. ”

“ This makes unnecessary all subsidiary ducts except a short one from the manhole to the nearest building in the block, and effects a considerable saving in pipe, service boxes, cables and labor. The manholes should have their walls built up of brick, the floors should be of concrete, and there should be an inside lid which can be fastened down and the manhole thus made water-tight. ”

“ Where the inlet and outlet pipes are not of the same diameter the tops of the pipes should ordinarily be placed at the same elevation to prevent back flow in the smaller pipes when the larger pipes are flowing full.
The dimensions of the manhole should not be less than 3 feet wide by 4 feet long for a height of at least 4 feet, when built in the form of an ellipse, or 4 feet in diameter when built circular. No standard method for the reduction of the diameter of the manhole near the top is observed, the rate being more or less dependent 101on the depth of the manhole. ”

“ In some cases water is run into the tank at the same rate that it is discharged through the open outlet, maintaining a depth of 4 or 5 feet in the tank until the water passing the manhole below runs clean. The volume of water required by this method is large. Flushing water under a relatively high head is sometimes obtained by the use of tank wagons which are quickly emptied into the sewer through a canvas pipe dropped down a manhole. In all such cases if not well constructed the manhole is subject to caving due to the rush of water around the outlet. ”

“ The chief fault perpetrated in this particular is the laying of drains inside a house, when they might just as easily have been laid outside. When a drain is laid down, care is exercised to get the pipes as much as possible in straight lines; and at each departure from a straight line a manhole is formed, enabling any one to inspect the drain at any time, by lifting the manhole cover. If a lighted candle is placed at the bottom of the drain in the manholes, the freedom of the drain from obstructions can be ascertained by looking from manhole to manhole. ”

“ When flush-tanks are placed at the upper end of laterals provision should be made for inspecting and cleaning the sewer by the construction of a separate manhole, or by combining the features of a manhole and a flush-tank in the same structure. ”

“ More concrete is then placed over the first layer to a total depth of 6 inches or 8 inches, depending on the width of the tank, the concrete being well rammed as it is placed. After the concrete has set, the wedges may be knocked from under the upright scantling and the form taken down and removed through the manhole. The manhole covers and frames, as shown in the illustrations in Chapter III, may be cast at local foundries or purchased through sewer-pipe dealers. ”

“ For sewers up to 48 inches in diameter the manhole is usually centered over the intersection of the pipes and has a special foundation. For larger sewers the manhole walls spring from the walls of the sewer as shown in Fig. ”

“ But Willie was only four years old, and therefore not so much to blame as an older boy would have been.
The street cleaners were dumping the dirty snow from the street into a manhole, which opened into a big drain. ”

“ The openings to the street are frequently made large enough to allow a man to go down to examine or clean the sewers, and are then called “ manholes." Smaller openings, large enough to allow a lamp to be lowered for purposes of inspection, are called “ lamp holes, " and are often built up of vertical lengths of drain-pipe, 6 in. or 9 in. in diameter, and finished at the surface with a cover similar to that used for a manhole but smaller. A length of 150 ft. of pipe sewer is about the limit that can be sighted thgough. ”

“ The greater number of the manholes are of brickwork, 23 cm. thick, and have concrete inverts. They have a diameter of 1.2 m., which is reduced to 0.61 m. at the top, and each is provided with a heavy cast-iron frame and closed cover weighing about 190 kg. There are 521 manholes, and they are placed at every block and on long lines about 80 m. apart.
Fig. 16.—Standard 300-gal. Flush Tanks. ”

“ And when the machine requires to be cleaned out, the manhole as it is called, is opened for the workmen to enter into the apparatus to remove any solid incrustation of carbonate of lime, or hydrosulphuret of lime that may happen to be formed in the lime trough, or any other part of the apparatus. ”

“ It is advantageous in wet ground and 286when the shafts are to be left as a permanent manhole. If a permanent shaft is to be left in an excavation being braced with wood, the permanent lining should follow within 20 to 30 feet of the shaft excavation. ”

“ Perhaps the simplest and most serviceable device, however, for alternately resting different portions of the irrigation field is a diverting manhole with stop planks or wooden sluices 69sliding in grooves in the concrete walls or in a wooden frame, as shown in Fig. ”

“ Figure 60 shows the carpenter's level in position on a level board, which rests on the hubs of three pipes. The joints of this pipe should be made with Portland cement mixed with an equal part of sand, and the space at the joint completely filled. When nearing the house, it is very desirable that a manhole should be built so that if a stoppage occurs, it may be cleaned out without taking up the pipe. In city houses a running trap is always inserted just outside the house with a fresh-air inlet on the house side of the trap, as shown in Fig. ”

“ In the illustrative solution in Table 19, computations for quantity have not been made between manholes where it was apparent that there would be an insufficient additional quantity to necessitate a change in the size of the pipe. ”

“ In one particular alley, known as Mulliner's Rents, the heat seemed almost tropical. Possibly the dense overcrowding of this quarter with human life enhanced the burning sensation of the thick air breathed out and breathed in again, unrefreshed, by multitudes of lungs. Here, there, and everywhere human beings stood about idly. Groups of untidy women, in twos and threes, gossiped; lazy men lolled against the houses, smoking in sullen silence; and for every grown-up person there were fully a dozen of squalid children playing, shouting, staring, and squabbling with a vigour no heat could abate. ”

“ The gardener received the order most submissively, and taking the pan in his hand flew to the tank. There he dipped it in the water and came back to his house fully believing that his sin that day had been forgiven, and that the cooked fish had become alive again and the mango a living one. Thus did the cunning wife save herself from her husband’s wrath! ”

“ The sleight-of-hand man stood up, and jerked off the cloth, and pointed to a two foot shrub with some kind of fruit on it. A minute ago that shrub had been a twig. The boy pulled off the fruit and tossed it up. It was a mango K right enough. But I had seen the mango trick before.
The way it works is this: the hand-is-quicker-than-the-eye artist has a small bush with a stem sharpened to a point wrapped up in his apron or sleeve, and when the innocent bystander is busy looking at the twig, he slips it under the cloth. ”

“ In the male it may spread over the penis, involve the glans, scrotum, and upper part of the thighs. In either sex it may spread in the course of years to the pubes, over the perineum, and into the rectum, the recto-vaginal septum in the female ultimately breaking down. At times a profuse watery discharge exudes and even drips from the surface of the new growth, soiling the clothes, soddening the skin, and emitting a peculiarly offensive odour. ”

“ Like all tribes of eastern Mindanáo, Manóbos, both men and women, wear sufficient clothes to cover the private parts of the body. Children up to the age of 5 or 6 years may go without clothes, but female children commonly wear a triangular pubic shield1 of coconut shell, suspended by a waist string. Men, though they may denude themselves completely when bathing, always conceal their pudenda from one another's gaze. ”

“ The narrow winding road crosses many a mustard field, and many a mango forest.
It passes by the temple of the village and the market at the river landing-place.
I stopped by this hut, I do not know why.
Years ago it was a day of breezy March when the murmur of the spring was languorous, and the mango blossoms were dropping on the dust.
The rippling water leapt and licked the brass vessel that stood on the landing-step.
I think of that day of breezy March, I do not know why.
Shadows are deepening and cattle returning to their folds. ”

“ Her arse-hole was at the level of my p*ick as I stood by the side of the sofa, my machine was like a rod of iron, my brains seemed on fire, I felt I was going to do something wrong, dreaded it, yet determined to do it. "Put it in, slowly," said she in a whisper. The hole opened, felt tight, but to my astonishment almost directly my whole p*ick was hidden in it without pain to me or any difficulty. "Give me your hand." I did. Again she began frigging herself with my fingers. "Rub, rub, push gently," she said, and I tried, but was getting past myself. ”

“ Only a few elderly dames who spent a longer time over their daily duties than the others could be seen going through the shady mango groves, with their towels and toilet accessories, to the secluded steps of the bathing tank. ”

“ The square was rimmed with the gloom of mango trees, which shut out the faint-hearted breeze and cooped in the heat—stale lifeless heat, in whose misery the leering silence was the more dismaying. Through a break in the evil mangoes they beheld a plaster house hung with black crape.
"It's too hot to walk. Perhaps we'd better go back to the hotel," said Leora.
IV In the afternoon Inchcape Jones appeared with a Ford, whose familiarity made it the more grotesque in this creepy world, and took them to Penrith Lodge, on the cool hills behind Blackwater. ”

“ Having broken a small branch from a mango tree she takes it with her and proceeds to the body, where she sits down. The barber then paints the sides of her feet red, after which she bathes and puts on new clothes. During these preparations the drum beats a certain sound by which it is known that a widow is about to be burnt with the corpse of her husband. A hole is dug in the ground round which posts are driven into the earth, and thick green stakes laid across to form a kind of bed; and upon these are laid in abundance dry faggots, hemp, clarified butter and pitch. ”

“ Then, speechless and foaming at the mouth, he would fall back on the hard, beaten-clay floor of the verandah, with mouth agape and black eyes fixed, staring at the roof above; his face, pale yellow, framed in the thick, tangled mass of long black hair escaped from his fallen turban. His chest would heave and crack under the short, sharp pants which brought the air through the larynx with a whistling hiss. ”

“ Yet a little while, and I will take down this famous town of Mansoul, street and stone, to the ground, and will set it up in such strength and glory in mine own country as it never did see in the kingdom where now it is placed. There, O my Mansoul, thou shalt be afraid of murderers no more, of Diabolonians no more. There shall be no more plots, nor contrivances, nor designs against thee. But first I charge thee that thou dost hereafter keep more white and clean the liveries which I gave thee. When thy garments are white, the world will count thee mine. ”

“ But how does this author, in other ways so acute, explain the great majority of cases, where pederasty is abhorred by those affected with contrary sexual feeling? Besides, Nature never makes such leaps. Mantegazza rests his hypothesis upon the statements of an acquaintance, a celebrated writer, who assured him that he was not sure that he took a greater pleasure in coitus than in defecation! Allowing the correctness of his experience, still it would only prove that the man was sexually abnormal, and that his pleasure in coitus was reduced to a minimum. ”