Diatonic scale

“ Inanition may also result from an interference with transmission, which prevents the tissue cells from performing their normal function in the process of assimilation. In this way the tissues starve for the want of food, not because there is a lack of nutrition in the body, but because the food taken into the system has not been properly broken down by the digestive secretions, or if it has been properly digested it has not been assimilated. It is a recognized fact that a large percentage of growing children are underweight. ”

“ Fats are absorbed practically entirely by the lacteals. They enter the cells covering the villi, travel thence to the lymph spaces, and so into the lacteal or main lymph channel, whence they are carried to the thoracic duct and the general circulation. From the blood they are absorbed as fat and stored up as adipose or fatty tissue, which is found throughout the body in connective tissue about the organs. Organic salts and water are for the most part absorbed by the portal system, which they reach through the capillaries of the villi and through which they go to the liver. ”

“ Without doubt, the intelligent medical treatment of stomach difficulties in the future will be directed by a chemical analysis of the stomach contents. If the stomach is not secreting normal proportions of pepsin or hydrochloric acid, the deficiency can be regulated. The chemical analysis of the gastric secretions will alone determine what elements are lacking. As stated above, the permanent relief must lie in gaining a good circulation of blood through the entire body and through the stomach, that it may be strengthened and thus enabled to secrete these elements in proper proportions. ”

“ Not only do they themselves offer difficulty, but they smear over the other food masses and make it hard for the digestive juices to get at them. Although the enzyme for digesting fat is secreted by the pancreas, its successful working depends on the presence of bile from the liver. If there is an obstruction of the bile passages, so that bile cannot be poured out into the small intestine, the digestion of fats stops and, along with it to a considerable extent, all the other digestive processes of the intestine. ”

“ If that body receives 50 milligrams per day from a vitamin pill, to the medical doctor it could not possibly be deficient in this vitamin. However, over time, the insidious sub-clinical deficiency may degrade some other system and produce a different disease, such as colitis. But the medical doctor sees no relationship. Let me give you an actual example. Medical researchers studying vitamin B 5 or pantothenic acid noticed that it could, in what seemed to be megadoses (compared to the minimum daily requirement) largely reverse certain degenerative effects of aging. ”

“ Once absorbed, a chemical is distributed and partitions into various tissues due to tissue variations in pH, permeability, etc. Highly water-soluble chemicals may be distributed throughout the total body water, while more lipophilic substances may concentrate in the body fat or other lipidrich tissues, such as the brain. The loss of chemical from the body can loosely be defined as elimination, which depends on metabolism and excretion. ”

“ Saccharine matter is the great moving cause of fatty corpulence, producing increased weight and a large amount of flatulence; stouty matter is not so troublesome as saccharine, which largely increased acidity as well as fat. Pure genuine bread may be the staff of life, as it is termed; it is so, particularly in youth, but it is decidedly more wholesome in advanced life when it is thoroughly toasted. Any starchy or saccharine matter tends to the disease of corpulence in advanced life, whether it be swallowed in that form or generated in the stomach ”

“ Further, the observation has been made that the fat particles in the epithelial cells are small at the beginning of intestinal digestion, but that they grow larger when the digestion has been in progress some time, as though the droplets were made at the point where they are seen. Again it has been shown that the fat ferment in the small intestine is abundantly able to convert the fat of an ordinary meal completely into fatty acid in the time usually required for a meal's digestion. ”

“ It is, in fact, not at all difficult to prove that the liver manufactures certain biliary constituents, while it merely excretes others. Thus, for example, the two substances glycocholic and taurocholic acids are never to be found either in the blood, tissues, or fluids of the healthy organism, with the single exception of those of the liver and gall-bladder; and after extirpation of the liver neither acid is to be found in the body at all. ”

“ The change consists in an excess of liquid, or, more commonly, in a deposit of fat. This fatty matter is not an increase of the organ, but it takes the place of a part of its fiber, thus weakening the structure, and reducing the power of the tissue to perform its function. Almost everywhere in the body we thus find cells—muscle cells, liver cells, nerve cells, as the case may be—changing one by one, under the influence of this potent disorganizer, into unhealthy fat cells. ”

“ If too much is eaten, the results are serious. Overeating of flesh is followed by excessive production of urea and uric acid products. Some of these may be deposited in various parts of the body, while the urea is mostly excreted by the kidneys. The kidneys do not thrive under overwork any more than other organs. The vast majority of cases of diabetes and Bright's disease are caused by overworking the digestive organs. Too much food is absorbed into the blood and the excretory organs have to work overtime to get rid of the excess. ”

“ Digestion starts in the mouth when food is mixed with ptyalin, an enzyme secreted by the salivary glands. Pylatin converts insoluble starches into simple sugars. If the digestion of starchy foods is impaired, the body is less able to extract the energy contained in our foods, while far worse from the point of view of the genesis of diseases, undigested starches pass through the stomach and into the gut where they ferment and thereby create an additional toxic burden for the liver to process. And fermenting starches also create gas. ”

“ In the early stages of this accumulation, while the food lies chiefly in the ascending colon, the only activity of the muscular walls is the antiperistalsis. As the contents extend along the intestine a deep constriction appears near the advancing end and nearly separates a globular mass from the main body of the food (Fig. 6) . The contents of the large intestine progress farther and farther from the cæcum; meanwhile new tonic constrictions appear which separate the contents into a series of globular masses. ”

“ For while, on the one hand, the pancreatic secretion emulsions the fatty part of our diet, and thereby renders it capable of absorption, recent researches, as has been already pointed out, have established the fact that the biliary secretion also plays an important part in the absorption of the oleaginous constituents of our food. Bidder and Schmidt, as was before said, have shown that a dog, after ligature of the gall-duct, absorbs less than half the average normal quantity of fat ”

“ If wind is predominant the bowels become costive ; when bile is in excess they become loose ; when phlegm predominates, the bowels remain in their normal condition. A proper equilibrium of the three alone keeps the body healthy. Sometimes defect in the humours is congenital. In that case bilious diathesis is considered better than windy, and phlegmatic better than either, though, on the whole, any disorder in the humoral functions is undesirable. The cardinal humours, VATA, PITTA and KAFA, are expressed in English by wind, bile, and phlegm respectively ”

“ It is a question of failure of due proportion between the taking of nutrition and the oxidation processes within the body. More food being taken than is needed, there is an accumulation of it in the form of fat, and this is deposited by natural preference in certain places, such as the abdomen, the breasts and in the panniculus adiposus beneath the skin. The fats and starches are most readily converted into this fat, but under certain circumstances proteid material may be turned into fat, and then a true pathological condition develops resembling diabetes in certain ways. ”

“ A lowered blood pressure and a marked insensitivity to painful and emotional stimuli go with it. There is a preliminary storage of starch in the liver, and of fat throughout the fat depots of the body. These are so like what happens after part of the pituitary is removed, that a comparison of the two becomes inevitable. Common to both conditions is a drop in the rate of tissue combustion or metabolism, which can be relieved by injection of an extract of the pituitary, a rise of temperature occuring simultaneously. ”

“ Recent physiological study has shown how closely the intestine and the liver are associated in health and in disease. When the liver is implicated in indigestion the symptoms which follow are due either to a deficiency of the secretion of bile, and the resultant disturbance of digestion in the intestine, or to a derangement in the transformation in the liver of the products of albuminoid digestion. When the disorganization of the peptones is imperfectly performed in the liver, instead of urea there is a production of lithates and lithic acid, constituting the condition called lithæmia. ”

“ In many cases digestion is promoted by giving dilute hydrochloric acid with or without pepsin. About ten drops of dilute hydrochloric acid may be given half an hour to an hour after each meal.
When the stomach is systematically washed out, the individual symptoms of dilatation of the stomach will rarely require special treatment. The sensation of fulness and weight in the stomach, the eructations, the vomiting, and the constipation are generally relieved, at least temporarily, by washing out the stomach. The appetite is improved, and an increase in weight is usually soon noticeable. ”

“ Prout that gall-stones are very common in persons of a gouty, and rheumatic tendency of body, a fact which I have myself been able to confirm on several occasions, by making a quantitative analysis of the uric acid in the twenty-four hours' urine, as recommended at page 56. In such cases the carbonated alkali is of double service, for while increasing the solvent in the bile, it at the same time counteracts the uric acid diathesis. ”

“ I have seen a man who was not much over normal weight to begin with lose twenty-five pounds, nearly one-sixth of his weight, while being dieted for vague pains (worse on rainy days) that were really due to his occupation, but that had been diagnosed as "rheumatic," consequent upon the uric acid diathesis, for which coal tar products were prescribed over a long period and his diet strenuously regulated. ”

“ Infants placed on a diet of milk that is too rich in fats will thrive for a while, but in time will lose weight and show other symptoms, indicating the inability of Innate to digest the food. The stools become hard and dry, of a pale color and composed largely of fat soaps. This shows that Innate is unable to furnish sufficient alkaline bases through the body to saponify the excessive amount of fat in the intestines. ”

“ When a therapeutic measure not only lacks a positive basis in physiology and pathology but runs contrary to all the well-established experimental facts in these fundamental medical sciences, is it too much to ask that positive clinical findings be subjected to more than usual critical analysis before acceptance? “Clinical tests,” it is said, “covering a period of several years have proved that neither the condition in the stomach during digestion nor those in the intestine prevent the secretin from entering intact into the circulation.” ”

“ Even in aged persons we have noted easier digestion and the disappearance of digestive trouble after two or three tablets of the extract of pancreas taken immediately after dinner and supper. In cases of liver and gall-stone troubles, where previously there was a considerable loss of bodily weight, in nearly every case after pancreatic treatment there was no more falling off in the weight, and in some instances we have even found a considerable increase in weight. ”

“ Again, under an increase of fatty substance in the body, the structure of the liver may be charged with, fatty cells, and undergo what is technically designated fatty degeneration."
HOW THE KIDNEYS SUFFER.
"The kidneys, also, suffer deterioration. Their minute structures undergo fatty modification; their vessels lose their due elasticity of power of contraction; or their membranes permit to pass through them the albumen from the blood. This last condition reached, the body loses power as if it were being gradually drained even of its blood." ”

“ The intestine is always filled with brown faeces which are normally expelled in small quantities, only at considerable intervals. Slight peristaltic waves are commonly seen in the lower part of the intestine.
These animals were placed in various solutions, and it was found [97] that pilocarpine hydrochlorate, aloin, cascara, as well as barium chloride, sodium citrate, sulphate, and fluoride, caused an increased peristaltic activity of the intestine, and a rapid expulsion of faeces, so that in a very short time the entire intestine was empty. ”